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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Several types of media are inoculated simultaneously with initial specimen.
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battery of media
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What are the three purposes of battery of media?
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1. To culture all bacterial species present and to see if any predominate
2. To differentiate species by certain characteristic responses 3.To selectively encourage growth of interest will supressing the normal flora |
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What grams are staphylococcus and e. coli?
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staph- gram pos
e. coli- gram neg |
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What does the BBL Jar do?
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Makes things anaerobic.
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What does the blood agar plate contain?
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5% defibrinated sheep's blood, tryptic soy agar
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Is blood agar plate basic or differential or selective?
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basica and differential
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In a BAP, if there is a green discoloration partial clearing around the colonies, what is occuring?
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Alpha hemolysis
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What is the zone of complete clearing of the blood around the colonies due to lysis of red blood cells?
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Beta hemolysis
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What is no change of media around colonies and no lysis of RBCS?
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Gamma
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What is manitol salt agar plate: selective, differential, or basic?
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selective and differential
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What does the MSA plate contain?
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7.5% salt, carbohydrate-manitol
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What media do halophiles grow on?
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MSA
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What selective microbe grows in the presence of 7.5% salt: MSA plate?
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staphylococci
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What differential microbe ferments mannitol resulting in production of acid?
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staph aureus
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What three microbes respond to blood agar plate in these ways: gamma, alpha, beta?
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gamma-staph epi
s. pnuemo-alpha st. pyogenes-beta |
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What is the key reaction in a manitol salt agar plate?
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yellow reaction for staph aureus
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What also grows on manitol salt agar, but does not produce acid?
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staph epi
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What does the MacConkey plate contain?
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bile salt, crystal violet, lactose and neutral red
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What type of organisms are inhibited by crystal violet and bile salts?
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selective gram positives
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What do differential microbes do to a MacConkey plate? What about non-fermenting lactose microbes?
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turn it red to pink because they ferment lactose.
colorless and translucent |
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What does the MacConkey plate select for?
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Gram negatives
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What are the reasons for using the hectone plate?
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GI problems- fecal pathogens
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What color does the hectone plate turn if a normal fecal flora grows on it?
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yellow orange-lactose fermenters
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What color does the hectone plate turn if a possible pathogen grows on it?
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blue green with black center
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How does salmonella grow on the hektone?
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blue or blue green with black center
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How does shigella grow on the hektone?
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blue-green colonies
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What does the pea plate select for?
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gram positives
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What does the PEA plate contain?
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5% sheep blood
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On the Bile esculin slant, what has happened if it has turned black?
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bacteria has hydrolyzed esculin resulting in black media
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What is the type of bacteria that turns the BE Slant black?
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Enterococcus faecalis
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How does the BE slant show growth that was selectively grown?
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their abilities to grow in bile
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What has occurred when the citrate slant has turned blue?
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Bacteria have used sodium citrate as their sole source of carbon
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What can media never be?
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Basic and selective- because they are opposites!
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What disinfectant was the most effective?
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lysol
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What disinfectant was the least effective?
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ethanol
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Which bacteria was the hardest to inhibit?
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gram positives
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Which bacteria was the easiest to inhibit?
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gram negatives
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free
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free
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What can be used to distinguish different organisms?
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fermentation of carbs
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What are the end products of fermentation?
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acid,alcohol,or gas
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What is a small tube inverted in liquid growth media?
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durham tube
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What does the durham tube indicate?
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Traps gas, proves fermentation has occured
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What does phenol red do?
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when acid is produced, a pink to yellow color turns out
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What enzyme is present in bacteria that grow in the presence of oxygen?
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catalase
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What is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen?
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catalase
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What is the KEY test in distinguishing Staph positive from Strep negative?
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catalase
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What is the test that detects an enzyme produced by most strains of Staphylococcus aureus considered specific for this organism?
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coagulase test
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What does the coagulase test result in?
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coagulation of rabbit plasma
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What does the oxidase test test for?
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cytochrome oxidase
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What enzyme is part of the electron transport system?
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cytochrome oxidase
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What are the green, red, and white liquids used in the carbohydrate-durham tube test?
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green-glucose
white-lactose red-sucrose |
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What is put in broths to ID bacteria?
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gram negative bacilli-enterobacteriacae
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What three things can we learn for the nutrient broth tests?
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Bacteria grow? Acid? Gas?
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What is the control for testing for fermentation of acid- and what are the results if acid is present?
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red broth -control
acid present- yellow orange |
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What will the nutrient broths have if growth is present?
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acid or growth
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What is anything that illicits an immune response stimulating the production of antibodies?
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antigen
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What is specific immunoglobulins produced in response to an antigenic challenge?
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antibodies
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Where are antibodies found?
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blood, plasma, and body fluids
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What can the serum globulins do?
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1. bind and neutralize bacterial toxins
2. bind to surfaces of bacteria, viruses or parasites |
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What is the use of a known antibody or antigen to diagnose and define an infection agent?
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immunologic identification
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What is the forming of an insoluble immune complex by the cross linking of cells or particles?
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agglutination
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When does agglutination occur?
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Occurs when you have homologous antigen and antibody present
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What does agglutination serve as?
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Evidence that a ag-ab reaction has occured.
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What does Elisa stand for?
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Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
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How can you visualize an antigen directly?
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immunofluorescence which requires a special microscope
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What is the test where a specific antibody tagged with a flourescing dye?
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fluorescent antibody
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When would you use a fluorsecent antibody?
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id of viruses and parasistic diseases
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What is the confirmatory test for HIV?
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western blot
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What is the test for id of specific antigens of the hiv virus by use of antibodies with known specificities?
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western blot
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What is the act of multiplying many thousand fold a minute an amount of virus antigen to where even the smallest amount can be detected?
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polymerase chain reaction
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How long do you incubate the APIE test for?
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18-24 hours
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What is the scoring based on in the APIE test?
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color
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What color on the apie test does it change when it's positive?
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yellow
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For the TDA slot, what color is the control versus positive?
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control-yellow
positive-rusty gold brown |
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For the indol slot, what color is the control versus the positive?
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control-red ring around meniscus
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What color will the vp slot turn if positive?
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pink or red
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What will GEL slot look like if positive?
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diffusion of black in whole cup
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