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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Sensory memory vs. STM vs. LTM
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SENSORY: temporary, w/visual images (iconic) lasting about 1/2 sec and sounds (echoic) lasting up to 4 sec, selective attention puts in STM; STM: works to process ongoing info and store memories up to 30 sec (primary and working mem); LTM: neither limited in capacity nor duration (recent/immediate: 2 wks, and remote/LT: 2 yrs or more), REM sleep may help
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Rehearsal vs. Chunking
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REHEARSAL: deliberate repetition, usually acoustic, of information to enhance STM or enhance its transfer into LTM; CHUNKING: involves transforming separate items into meaningful units/lists to increase ability to remember them (STM) as most people can only remember 5-9 unrelated items
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Iconic vs. Echoic
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ICONIC: visual images (sensory mem); ECHOIC: sounds (sensory mem)
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Recent vs. Remote Memory
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RECENT/Intermediate: 2 wks; REMOTE/Long-Term: 2 yrs or more
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Zeigarnik Effect vs. Redintegration
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ZEIGARNIK EFFECT: when problem-solving comes to impasse, brain keeps working UCS until solution is obtained; REDINTEGRATION: when something unlocks a rapid chain of memories (e.g., childhood smell)
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Semantic vs. Episodic memory
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DECLARATIVE MEMORY: (1) SEMANTIC=memory of meanings of words, facts, and how they related to each other, (2) EPISODIC: memory of autobiographical events
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Procedural vs. Declarative memory
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PROCEDURAL: aka implicit, nondeclarative, involves recollection of skills, physical operations, and procedures remembered UCS w/o CS awareness, not stored w/respect to specific times/places; DECLARATIVE: aka explicit, CS recollection of information or experience (divided into Semantic and Episodic)
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Long term potentiation
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The physiological process by which STM become LTM (repeated stimulation of synapse leads to chem and struct chanages in receiving dendrite…)
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Retroactive vs. Proactive inhibition
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RETROACTIVE: Recently learned material interferes w/ability to recall material learned in past; PROACTIVE: Previously learned material interferes w/ability to learn or recall new material
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Method of loci, Pegword system, Word association, Substitute word system
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METHOD OF LOCI: visual image of items on list and placing as one mentally walks through room; PEGWORD SYSTEM: memorizing visual images that can be pegs on which to hang ideas (e.g., one is bun, two is shoe); WORD ASSOCIATION: forming words or sentences w/first letter of items being memorized or stories; SUBSTITUTE WORD SYSTEM: breaks down word into parts and substitutes more familiar words that can be visualized (e.g., catabolize=cat, ball, eyes)
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