Key Terms 2

Front 1

Warsaw Pact

Back 1

A Soviet-led Eastern European
military alliance, founded in 1955 and
disbanded in 1991. It opposed the NATO
alliance. (p. 65) See also North Atlantic Treaty
Organization (NATO).

Front 2

U.S. Japanese Security Treaty

Back 2

A bilateral
alliance between the United States and Japan,
created in 1951 against the potential Soviet
threat to Japan. The United States maintains
troops in Japan and is committed to defend
Japan if attacked, and Japan pays the United
States to offset about half the cost of
maintaining the troops. (p. 67)

Front 3

Security dilemma

Back 3

A situation in which
actions states take to ensure their own security
(such as deploying more military forces) are
perceived as threats to the security of other
states. (p. 52)

Front 4

Prisoner’s Dilemma

Back 4

A situation
modeled by game theory in which rational
actors pursuing their individual interests all
achieve worse outcomes than they could have
by working together. (p. 75)

Front 5

Realism

Back 5

A broad intellectual tradition that
explains international relations mainly in
terms of power. (p. 43) See also idealism and
neorealism.

Front 6

Power

Back 6

The ability or potential to influence
others' behavior, as measured by the possession
of certain tangible and intangible
characteristics. (p. 45)

Front 7

North Atlantic Treaty Organization Nato

Back 7

A U.S.-led military alliance, formed
in 1949 with mainly West European members,
to oppose and deter Soviet power in Europe.
It is currently expanding into the former
Soviet bloc. (p. 65) See also Warsaw Pact.

Front 8

Nonaligned Movement

Back 8

A movement of third
world states, led by India and Yugoslavia, that
attempted to stand apart from the U.S.-Soviet
rivalry during the Cold War. (p. 70)

Front 9

Neorealism

Back 9

A version of realist theory that
emphasizes the influence on state behavior of
the system's structure, especially the
international distribution of power. (p. 56) See
also realism.

Front 10

Can a promisor and promisee rescind their K BEFORE the TPB learns of it?

Back 10

Yes. Because the TPB's rights have not yet vested.

Front 11

Geopolitics

Back 11

The use of geography as an
element of power, and the ideas about it held
by political leaders and scholars. (p. 49)

Front 12

Game theory

Back 12

A branch of mathematics
concerned with predicting bargaining
outcomes. Games such as Prisoner's Dilemma
and Chicken have been used to analyze various
sorts of international interactions. (p. 75)

Front 13

Deterrence

Back 13

The threat to punish another
actor if it takes a certain negative action
(especially attacking one's own state or one's
allies). (p. 73) See also mutually assured
destruction (MAD).

Front 14

Balance of power

Back 14

The general concept of one
or more states' power being used to balance
that of another state or group of states. The
term can refer to (1) any ratio of power
capabilities between states or alliances,
(2) a relatively equal ratio, or (3) the process
by which counterbalancing coalitions have
repeatedly formed to prevent one state from
conquering an entire region. (p. 52)

Front 15

Alliance cohesion

Back 15

The ease with which the
members hold together an alliance; it tends to
be high when national interests converge and
when cooperation among allies becomes
institutionalized. (p. 64)