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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the Mycenaean's
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(1600-1100 BC) 1) advanced civilization in mainland Greece, 2) prosperous urban organization, 3) writing system Linear B 4) had warriors and navy 5) weakened from a volcanic eruption 6) killed by doriac and sea people invasion |
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Describe the Hellenic period
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(500-336 BC), 1) Athens @ it highest politically & culturally 2) Democratic system developed by Pericles 3) Parthenon on the Acropolis built 4) Tragedies: Sophocles, Aeschylus, Euripides 5) Philosophical schools: Socrates and Plato. |
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Describe the Hellenistic period
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(323 BC to 31 BC) 1) begins with death of Alexander the Great 2) ends with emergence of the Roman Empire 3) Greek cultural influence & power at peak 4) Emergency of New Comedy, 5) Alexandrian poetry 6) philosophies: Stoicism and Epicureanism. 7) Greek mathematician Euclid 8) Greek polymath / physics of Archimedes. 9) Revolution in Sci.,Math, Medicine,Geography |
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When was the Homeric Age |
1100–800 BC
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Another name for the Homeric Age
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The Greek Dark Age
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When did Homer Live?
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800 BC
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Who unearthed Troy and when
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Heinrich Schlieman
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Who unearthed Minoan civilization
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Sir Arther Evans
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Define Arete and how it changed over time
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Aristocracy - Warrior Excellence, Virtue and Valor Commoner -Righteous hard work (Sophrosyne) |
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Define acropolia
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town's highest point - chosen for defense |
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Define agora
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town's market place and city center |
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Who as the author of Works and Days
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Hessian
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Who said moderation in all things
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Sophrosyne
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What was the subject of Epic Poetry
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heros, gods and giants
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What was the subject of Lyric Poetry
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personal and ethical concerns, nature, romance, sex
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When did Lyric poetry emerge
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750-550 BC
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Name most famous Lyric Poet
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Sapho
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What type of poet was Homer
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Epic poet
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Where is Laconia located
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SE Peloponnese. Capitol is Sparta.
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Who fought Messenia & won the 1st/2nd wars?
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Sparta
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Who were helots and how were they treated
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slaves from Messenia; treated very harshly
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Who authored Athens first set of written laws
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Draco 625 BC
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Who was the first sole Archon of Athens and the 2nd to address the law on a grand scale
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Solon 639-559 BC - 1. Abolished debt slavery 2. Encouraged cash-crop farming 3. Set up courts with citizen juries 4. Holding political office: landowner not birth 5. The boule (steering committee) 6. The ecclesia 7. He repealed and rewrote all of Dracos laws except manslaughter which was kept |
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Who was the Tyrant in 546 BC who took land from the nobles and redistributed it. Good foreign policy and increased trade and exports (red attic vases). Created public works projects
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Pisistratus 605-527
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Who 1. Created the Council of 500? 2. Reformed voting practices 3. Introduced ostracism |
Cleisthenes 510B
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What is Ostracism and who introduced it
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used pottery for popular vote to exile some before a coup d'état occurred |
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How did the word Marathon get it's meaning
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Long distance run from Marathon where Athenian yelled Nike (victory)
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1st Persian war - where who when
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Battle of Marathon Athenians defeats Persian King Darrius 490BC |
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2nd Persian war - where who when
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Battle at Thermopylae Persian King Xerxes defeats Athens 480 BC |
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3rd Persian battle - where who when
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Naval battle at Salamis Athens/Themistocles defeats Persian King Xerxes 480 BC |
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4th Persian battle - where who when
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Battle at Plataea Athens defeats remaining Persian army |
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What league was formed to stop further Persian invasion
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Delion league
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Defended his Imperialist aggressive leadership style of Athens and the Delion League during middle 5th century. Spent Delion League funds on building projects. Associated with furthering democracy
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Pericles 494-429BC
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Mistress of Periclese and befriended with Socretes. She was well known for being smart
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Asposia
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Name for high end courtesan
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Hetaera
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What god did the Olympics honor
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Zeus
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Describe mystery religions - what were they looking for
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Looking for immortality. Members not given secrets until initiated |
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Cult name that combined Isis with Hades and served this god
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Cult of Serapsis
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Who was the king of Macedonia and father to Alexander the Great
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Phillip II of Macedonia
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Which leaders death ushered in the Hellenistic Age
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Alexander the Great
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Who was the head of Alex's calvary at his death
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Perdiccas
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Who took over Egyptian rule at Alex's death
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Ptolemy
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Who took over Asia Minor holding accumulated by Alex
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Seleucid
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Who went back home with Alex's army and ruled Macedonia
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Antigonus
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Greek's first true govt unification came when these two cooperative leagues were formed
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Aetolian & Achaean League
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Created with the first Heliocentric worldview
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Aristarchus of Samos (310-230 B.C.E.)
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He wrote the first geometry text
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Euclid (300 B.C.E.)
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He created the foundations of trigonometry
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Hipparchus (fl. 160-125 B.C.E.)
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He correctly calculated circumference of the earth within 200 miles
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Eratosthenes (c. 276-194 B.C.E.)
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he developed a system of latitude and longitude
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Eratosthenes (c. 276-194 B.C.E.)
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He discovered the law of floating bodies (specific gravity)
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Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287-212 B.C.E.)
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He invented the Archimedean screw that improved irrigation
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Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287-212 B.C.E.)
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He invented several war machines including the Catapult used against roman's conquest of syracuse
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Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287-212 B.C.E.)
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He created the compound pully that could lift an entire ship & move it across land like it was still on water
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Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287-212 B.C.E.)
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He discovered the formula for PI
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Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287-212 B.C.E.)
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He said "Eureka I found it" when he discovered specific gravity
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Archimedes of Syracuse (c. 287-212 B.C.E.)
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Hew as an Anatomist— practiced human dissection |
Herophilus of Chalcedon (c. 335-c.280 B.C.E.)
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He provided the first detailed description of the brain
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Herophilus of Chalcedon (c. 335-c.280 B.C.E.)
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He announced that the brain is the source of intellect (not the heart) and veins contain only blood (not blood and air)
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Herophilus of Chalcedon (c. 335-c.280 B.C.E.)
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The Father of Medicine - Hippocratic oath "Do No Harm" and concept of Med Record
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Hioopcratus
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He rejected notion of four humors; heart is a pump. Wasn't believed and the unhealthy practice of blood-letting continued through the 19th century
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Erasistratus
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Examples of Greek architecture that was influenced by Egypt and Persia
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The Lighthouse of Alexandria and the Alter to Zeus at Pergamum
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Sculpture _________ Gaul
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Dying Gaul
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considered one of the most beautiful sculptures in the world. (Headless woman with wings)
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Winged Victory of Samothrace
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Name of the priest that is being attacked by Sea Serpents in a sculpture
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Laocoon
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Sculptor that created Hermes and the Infant Dionysus
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Praxiteles 350 BC
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Sculptor that created Discobolus - Discus thrower
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Myron 470-440 BC
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Sculptor that created Statue of Zeus at Olympia
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Pheidias 480 – 430 BC
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Sculptor that created Athena Parthenos
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Pheidias 480 – 430 BC
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First type of Athenian building column and the most simple of the three. Used for very large buildings
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Doric
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Second type of Athenian building column. Had a scroll at the top
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Ionic
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Third type of building column. The most elaborate
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Corinthian
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Author of The pastorals of Theocritus
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Theocritus (c. 310-250 B.C.E.)
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Author that said Historical development proceeds in cycles
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Polybius (c. 205-123 B.C.E.)
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The Father of Tragedy and dramatic gloomy effect
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Aeschylus (525-456 B.C.E.)
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Authored the trilogy drama Orestia which included Agamemnon, where he describes how the gods punish a family for a series of murders, Arestes and the Furies
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Aeschylus (525-456 B.C.E.)
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Authored the drama The Persians, in which the Athenian victory at Salamis is celebrated.
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Aeschylus (525-456 B.C.E.)
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Authored the drama Prometheus Bound, where the myth of Prometheus, the world's first humanitarian, is discussed.
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Aeschylus (525-456 B.C.E.)
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Authored the drama Oedipus the King, explores the depths of modern psycho-analysis as Oedipus unwittingly kills his father and marries his mother in an attempt to avoid a prophecy he fulfills anyway.
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Sophocles (496-406 B.C.E.)
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Authored the drame Antigone, describes the tale of a passionate young woman who refuses to submit to earthly authority when it forbids a proper burial for her brother, Polyneices.
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Sophocles (496-406 B.C.E.)
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Authored the drama The Women of Trachis, which offers a touching story of a jealous woman (Deianira) and her husband (Heracles).
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Sophocles (496-406 B.C.E.)
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Authored the drama Medea, where he takes a look at the frenzied jealousy of a woman who has lost her husband's interest.
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Euripides (485-406 B.C.E.)
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The Father of Comedy - 11 plays remain intact today.
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Aristophanes (c. 448-382 B.C.E.)
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The Father of History - He wrote The Histories
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Herodotus (c. 485-425 B.C.E.)
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The Father of Scientific History - He wrote The History of the Peloponesian War
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Thucydides (c. 460-c. 400 B.C.E.)
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Type of thinking that emphasizes Moderation in all things; restraint, self discipline and hard honest work (Arete)
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Sophrosyne thinking
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Ionian philosoher that speculated water was the basic structure upon which all is composed. He is attributed with creating the Scientific Method
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Thales of Miletus 600 BC
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First to talk about man evolving from moisture and continueing to evolve
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Anaximander 575
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Father of modern science. proposed atomic theory and mechanical motion of atoms
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Democritus 460-370
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Philosopher that said, "know thyself" and "the unexamined life is not worth living".
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Socrates 470-399 (know thyself)
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He believed in socialism (workers, warriors and philosopher Kings and government owns land and children).
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Plato 427-347
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The work written by Plato that outlines socialist government
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The Republic |
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wanted to systemitize and reduce knowledge to an orderly whole to make it easier to study. he disagreed with Plato's ideas of socialism. Still valued for political insight but science not so much
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Aristotle 384-322
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The philosophy that believes "Man is the measure of all things and truth is relative"
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Sophistry
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Philosopher who rejected the outside world - believed introspection was needed and believed in ignoring pain and seeking pleasure because there is no afterlife
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Epicurus 340 270
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This philosophy didn't place happiness on place or position. Instead this philosopher said to live a virtuous life because Tyche can't destroy virtue. Simplicity; saw God in all things
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Stoicism from Zeno 335-262
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The philosopher associated with the philosphy of skepticism - suspend judgement to attain peace of mind
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Cyrene 214-129 BC
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Describe Monarchy
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Rule by one |
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Describe Oligarchy
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Rule by the few |
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Describe Tyrant
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One who siezes power unconstitionally |
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Democratic
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Rule by people
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