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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What does this paper focus on? |
The Israeli-Palestine Conflict |
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What is the root of the problem? |
19th century, modern-political Zionism. Both sides have seen it as a zero-sum game since the 1920s. |
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So what did the conflict turn into? |
A mutual denial of identity. |
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What was the first breakthrough in the Israeli-Palestine problem |
The Oslo Accord, 1993. |
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What did the Oslo Accord say? |
- Mutual recognition of each other's national identities
- Declaration of Principles that est. Palestinian authorities in Gaza and Jericho |
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What is Kelman's claim in the article? |
That his small-group meetings between conflict parties at the micro-level can have significant impacts at the macro-level. |
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What is interactive problem solving? |
A conflict resolution approach involving a 3rd party, workshops, and identity. Developed by Kelman and his associates, but based on Burton's work. |
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Who are usually involved in his workshops? |
Politically influential people, but not in negotiation offices or capacities: members of parliament, party members, military officers, scholars, etc. |
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What does polemic mean? |
A polemic is an antagonistic argument; it is an argument for an idea based on attacking an opposing idea. Basically, it is hostile and not analytic. |
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What are the purposes of the workshops? |
1. To change the participants themselves. 2. Influence the larger political situation using changed individuals. |
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What is the main role of the 3rd party in these workshops? |
To create an environment where new ideas are generated and transferred to others and to policy. |
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When did these workshops take place? |
During the pre-negotiation and the negotiation phases of the Israeli-Palestine Peace Process (1991 to 1993, 1993 was the Olso Accord). |
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How did Kelman's approach help the Israeli-Palestine Peace Process? |
1. People were prepared/socialized to negotiate. 2. New ideas and shared information from the workshops were injected into the official negotiations. 3. Fostered a cooperative political atmosphere open to a new relationship. |
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How do the workshops produce larger political change? |
They serve as a microcosm, as a laboratory for ideas and inputs into the larger system, and as a setting for cross-conflict relationships. |
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In what way is the workshop a microcosm of the larger system? |
Because the participants share the concerns, fears, beliefs, priorities, and culture of those involved in the larger system, despite deliberate differences in norms of the microcosm. |
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In what ways are the workshops "a laboratory?" |
They are in a dedicated space for discovery free of outside interference.
Thinking here yields new products for export into the system.
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How are the workshops a "coalition across conflict lines?" |
Members on each side have their own pragmatic concerns, and since the workshops are confidential, they can freely work together to find ideas to meet their needs. It also increases sensitivities to each other's points of view. |
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Why is it important to "keep the coalition uneasy" during workshops? |
Stereotypes - seeing a member of the opposing group as an "exception" and not a member of his group, therefore maintaining stereotypes. Members must reinforce their group membership while working.
Reentry problem - alienating them from the policy of their own group with too much cohesiveness with the other would prevent injection of ideas into policy machine. |
