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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is nature? |
A genetic inheritance and other biological factors |
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What is nurture? |
The influence of external factors after conception such as social and environmental factors |
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Provide 3 examples of physical characteristics that are biologically determined by genetic inheritance |
Colour of eyes Straight/ curly hair Skin pigmentation |
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What was Gesell’s theory called? What was he the first person to do? And what did he create? |
Maturation theory Use observation to find skills and abilities that most children have at a certain age Milestones |
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What did Gesell note? |
Each child moved through the sequence at developmental aspect. He cane to the conclusion that development was predetermined and that environment had little influence |
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Why are milestones helpful? |
For educators, professionals and parents to recognise developmental delay and measure children development |
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Why was Gesell’s theory criticised? |
It is not helpful in explaining individual or cultural differences or for children with learning difficulties |
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How does bandits believe we learn behaviour? Which approach does he belong to? |
Observation and imitation Social learning theory |
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What makes imitation more likely to occur according to Bandura? |
Being the same sex and if the person receives a positive consequence |
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What was Bandura’s experiment called? How many groups were there? How many boys and girls? |
Bobo doll experiment 3 groups- 24 children in each group- 12 boys & 12 girls |
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What is the stress diathesis model? |
A psychological model which helps to explain how stress caused by life events (nurture) can interact with an individual’s genetic vulnerability (nature) to impact on their mental well being |
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What does the stress diathesis model say? |
Some individuals are born with certain biological or genetic predisposition to a mental illness, referred to as a diathesis . However, they may never develop the mental health illness if not influenced by environmental factors linked to stress |
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What is a predisposition? |
The possibility that you will develop a certain condition |
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What is a genetic predisposition? |
Inherited genes that determine physical growth, development, health and appearance |
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What can we alter, for an individual with a predisposition, to allow the individual to develop and lead life as healthy as possible? |
Environmental factors |
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Provide 3 examples of inherited characteristics |
Eye colour Hair colour Skin colour Height |
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Provide 3 examples of characteristics that are acquired |
Large muscles Short muscles Scars Broken bone |
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What is meant by the term dominate gene |
A dominant gene needs only to be passed by one parent for the child to develop a condition. For example brittle bone disease, Huntington’s disease |
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Name 3 conditions that can be caused by an abnormality in an individuals chromosomes |
Klinefelters syndrome Colour blindness Down’s syndrome |
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What is meant by the term recessive gene? |
A recessive gene must be passed on from both parents for child to develop the condition. For example cystic fibrosis |
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How would having a genetic condition impact on development? |
How they feel about themselves- security and well being Restricted growth Effect on relationships Developmental delays |
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The effects of poor lifestyle choices in pregnancy include... |
Low birth weight Premature birth Long term health problems Learning disabilities |
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Characteristics of somebody with foetal alcohol syndrome include... |
Small head circumference Neurological problems Developmental delay Facial abnormalities |
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What are other factors affecting disease? |
The likelihood of developing diseases can be increased or reduced by: Environmental factors Lifestyle Life events Treatment |
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The effects of pollution are greater for infants, older people and those who are ill. Why? |
This is because their immune system are vulnerable to pollution causing respiratory problems |
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Possible effects of housing conditions are... |
Poor ventilation/ damp= respiratory disorders Overcrowding= anxiety/ depression Poor sanitation= risk of infection Lack of outdoor space = cardiovascular problems Inadequate heating= hypothermia |
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Reasons for family dysfunction include: |
Parents perpetuate their own dysfunctional upbringing Untreated mental illness Alcohol or drug abuse |
