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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Spanish Armada
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1588: Spanish navy that was defeated by the British; English nationalism -> encouraged colonization of the New World
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enclosing
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process in which many British farmers worked for landlords; New World offered economic possibilities
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conflict with Catholic Irish
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Britain owned the Irish; crown could concentrate on overseas exploration
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primogeniture
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firstborn son could inherit the family wealth
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Protestant Reformation
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British people wanted religious freedom! more reason to head over to the New World
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joint stock company
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investors pooled their money for a share of the profits; helped to establish Jamestown and Plymouth
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proprietary colony
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owned by a person or group who appointed the governor of the colony; no royal influence
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self-governing colony
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chose their own governors but functioned under the King
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royal colony
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owned by the crown
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the Lost Colony
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Sir Walter Raleigh attempted to colonize Roanoke Island off the coast of Virgina in 1585; failed and disappeared o_O
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Virginia Company of London
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a joint-stock company that received a charter from James I; settled in Jamestown; all settlers were entitled to the same rights that they would have enjoyed in England
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Captain John Smith
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commanded Jamestown by forcing the men to work for survival
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Pocohantas
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tried to cool down hostility between the Native Americans and the English; later married John Rolfe
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Lord De La Warr
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fought two Anglo-Powhatan Wars; eventually, all of the Powhatans died due to disease and inability to unite with the colonists
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Pilgrims
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separatist Puritans who wanted to dissolve from the Church of England; signed the Mayflower Compact, an agreement of cooperation
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John Carver and William Bradford
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both of them governed Plymouth Colony at one point
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Wampanoag and Squanto
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two Native American tribes that befriended the settlers of Plymouth Colony
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Great Migration
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1630's: demand for land and food strained relations with the Native American tribes
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John Rolfe
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by 1612: perfected tobacco growing; one-crop economy; tobacco depleted nutrients, so more land required
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headright system
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more land in exchange for buying the passage of European colonists to the New World; used in Maryland and Virginia
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Nathaniel Bacon
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indentured servant who became free; protested Virginia Governor Berkeley's policy regarding Native Americans
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Bacon's Rebellion
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around 1676: triggered large-scale slavery for fear of indentured servants
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Virginia House of Burgesses
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beginning of representative democracy; representatives were voted by male landowners
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Maryland
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1634: founded by Lord Baltimore; proprietary; religious tolerance to Christians only
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Carolina
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1670: named after Charlies I; proprietary; leading port city; rice and indigo as cash crops
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Barbados Slave Codes of 1661
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tightly controlled slaves under the grip of masters
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North Carolina
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1712: split from South Carolina; characterized by an independent spirit (later important for Revolution)
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Georgia
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1733: last Southern colony; James Ogelthorpe sought to create a prisoner refuge; funded by the crown to defend against French and Spanish; everyone except Catholics okay
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