Joints

Front 1

Ball and Socket Joints

Back 1

hip and shoulder
wider range of movement

Front 2

Bursa

Back 2

snovial fluid
sack of joint capsule tissue
protects tissue from tendon and ligaments movements

Front 3

bursitis

Back 3

irritation of bursa
causes inflammation and swelling

Front 4

symphysis

Back 4

cartilage joint with a pad
heals slowly
public sym-during labor it soften and seperates
intervetebral disks

Front 5

synchrondosis

Back 5

cartilage joints
heals slowly
epyphesial plates on top and bottom of bone

Front 6

suture

Back 6

immovable and fibrous joint
only in cranium

Front 7

jaundice

Back 7

yellow sclera
bilirubin-yellow pigment from hemoglobin metabolism
symptom of liver disease

Front 8

ricketts

Back 8

vit d deficiency
poor calcium absorption
softened bones

Front 9

hinge joints

Back 9

elbow-ulna and radius

Front 10

interphalangeal joints

Back 10

flexis and extension
of hand and wrist joint

Front 11

pivot joint

Back 11

atlas and axis
near the dens

Front 12

synovial joints

Back 12

highly mobile joints
space and lubricating fluid

Front 13

saddle joint

Back 13

carpals and metacarpals of thumb only-opposition
freer motion then condyloid

Front 14

gliding joints

Back 14

carpals and tassals
in wrist and ankle
heaviily restricted by tendons and ligaments

Front 15

condyloid joints

Back 15

no rotation possivle
metacarpal phalanges

Front 16

Osteoarthritis

Back 16

universal after the age of 65. Shows up on xrays not everyone necessarily feels it.
• Loss of cartilage and tissue
• Slowing down of repair process.
• Treatment-light exercise and NSAIDs (similar to aspirin) which is like pain relief.
• Will be taking the drug forever, so the side effects are important. It causes ulcers and risk of heart disease

Front 17

Rheumatoid Artritis

Back 17

• More common in woman
• Age of onset 20-40
• Severe and systematic disease, has effects all over body, pain in joints and muscles
• Leads to total destruction of joints and locked joints
• Autoimmune disease-more common in females
• Patterns of exacerbation (the disease is variable-good times and bad)
• Old treatment-nsaids, steroids
• New treatment-black tumor neurosis factor (tnf) which makes you more susceptible to infection

Front 18

Superficial Fasciae

Back 18

• Connective tissue under the skin

Front 19

Deep Fascial

Back 19

• Connective tissue connecting muscles to each other

Front 20

Epimysium

Back 20

• Outside covering around muscles, attached to tendons (dense regular connective tissue)attached to the bones
• Sometimes no tendon (aponeurosis) flat not ropelike connects muscles to muscles
• Sacromere-functional unit of the muscle, explains everything large organ does

Front 21

• Sacromere-

Back 21

functional unit of the muscle, explains everything large organ does

Front 22

Cross Bridge Cycle

Back 22

molecular explanation for contraction of sacromere.

Front 23

supplination

Back 23

rotate palms up (soup bowl) hands

Front 24

pronation

Back 24

rotate palms down

Front 25

rotation

Back 25

on an axis

Front 26

circumduction

Back 26

rotate to form circle (arm)

Front 27

dorsiflexion

Back 27

lifting just toes

Front 28

plantar flexion

Back 28

standing on tip toes

Front 29

inversion

Back 29

rotate feet in

Front 30

aversion

Back 30

rotate feet out (so big toe on floor)

Front 31

protraction

Back 31

anterior direction (jaw) forward

Front 32

retraction

Back 32

posterior direction (jaw) backward

Front 33

depression

Back 33

inferior direction (lowering shoulder)

Front 34

flexium

Back 34

decrease hand angle

Front 35

extension

Back 35

increase hand angle (sticking hand out)

Front 36

hyper extension

Back 36

past original point (pointing hand up)

Front 37

abduction

Back 37

going away midline (sticking leg out)

Front 38

adduction

Back 38

going towards midline (leg sticking out going back to original position)