Itls

Front 1

Low-Volume Shock

Back 1

(Absolute Hypovolemia) is caused by hemorrage or other major fuild loss(vomiting,diarrhea and thrid spacing due to buns,peritonitis.

Front 2

High Space Shock

Back 2

(relative hypovolemia)is cause by spinal injury,vasovagal,syncope, sepis,and certain dose overdoses.

Front 3

Mechanical Shock

Back 3

(Cardiogenic shock)also known as obstructive shock. Is caused by percardial tamponade tension pneumothorax massive pulmonany embolism or a weaken heart for and MI of contustion.

Front 4

Early shock

Back 4

loss of 15 to 25 percent of blood volume. Increase in to mild tach, pallor,narrowing of the pulse pressure and thrist along w/ weakness and possibly delayed cap refill

Front 5

Late Shock

Back 5

loss of 30 to 45 percent of blood voulme, there is hypotension, signs of hypovolemic shock. The body can no long compenstate.
Hypotension is the FRIST sign of late shock.

Front 6

Early shock

Back 6

Is the a fast pulse and pallor and diaphoresis,

Front 7

Late shock

Back 7

The loss of peripheal pulses.

Front 8

If pulse is present a the
Radial=
Femoral=
Carotid=

Back 8

80 radial
70 Femoral
60 Carotid

Front 9

Capillary Refill

Back 9

if the area remains pale for longer than 2 sec.This late shock. Helpful in child not able to obtain a BP on.

Front 10

Capnography

Back 10

falling wave form maybe a incator the pt is going into a shock state.

Front 11

Compensated Shock

Back 11

Weakness,lightheadedness,
tirst
pallor,
Tach,
Diaphoresis,
Tachypnea,
Decrease in urine out put,
weakened peripheral pules.

Front 12

Decompensated Shock

Back 12

Hypotension,
Alter mental status,
Cardiac Arrest.

Front 13

Weakness

Back 13

Cause of decreased blood volume

Front 14

Thist

Back 14

cause by hypovolmia low amount of fluid in the blood vessels

Front 15

Pallor

Back 15

pale,white skin color-by catecholamie-induced,vasconstriction and loss of red blood cells.

Front 16

Tach

Back 16

caused by the effects of cathecholamines,on the heart as the brain increase the activity of the sypathetic nervous system.

Front 17

Diaphoresis

Back 17

Causes by the effects of cathecholamines on sweat glands

Front 18

Tachypnea

Back 18

Increase in Resp caused by the brain in the increase of stress.

Front 19

Decreased urine out put

Back 19

caused by hypovelemia,hypoxia caused by important to remember in interfacility transfers.

Front 20

Weakened Peripheral Pules

Back 20

the "thready" pulse is the shinking of arteries. Caused by vasconstion, tach, and loss of blood.

Front 21

Shock is

Back 21

the casused by the released of cathcholamines.

Front 22

Absolute shock

Back 22

Low volume

Front 23

Relative shock

Back 23

High-space shock

Front 24

Vasodilatory shock

Back 24

IS relative shock

Front 25

Cushing Syndrome

Back 25

Pathological condition resulting from excess adrenocortical hormones. Symptoms may include change in body habits hypertension,and vulnerability to infections.

Front 26

Cushing reflex

Back 26

response to cerebral ischemia characterized by an increase in systemic blood pressure, which maintains cerebral perfusion during increased intracranial pressure.

Front 27

Cushing's Triad

Back 27

the combination of INCREASE IN B/P AND SLOW PULSE,ERRATIC REPS.To increase the intracranianl pressure.

Front 28

What does Flaccid paralysis usually mean

Back 28

A Spinal injury.

Front 29

Fixed pupil means

Back 29

no reaction to light in size of pupil response

Front 30

Bilateral dilated and fixed pupils usually means

Back 30

A Brain stem injury, high mortality rate.

Front 31

Unlateral dilated and fixed pupils usually means

Back 31

Can a suriveable injury. Still head tramua.

Front 32

Rate of Breating for a child

Back 32

Normal
15 Fast 25

Front 33

Rate of Breating for a adult

Back 33

Normal
8-10 Fast 20

Front 34

Rate of Breating for a infant

Back 34

Normal
20 Fast30

Front 35

When do I HYPERVENTILATE A PT

Back 35

W/ an GCS lower than 9,
extensor posting
asymmetric pupils(or bilateral dilated and fixed
GCS drops 2 or more points.

Front 36

Hyperventation is done at what rate

Back 36

ventilate every 3 sec or 30 min for Adult and 2.5 sec or 25 per min,child and 2 sec or 30 per min in a infant

Front 37

Concussion

Back 37

No structural injury to the brain.
Retrograde Amnesia is a short term loss. Of memery. Repeating of questions, maybe dizzy, have a headache,ringing of the ears or nasusea.

Front 38

Cerebral Contusion

Back 38

brusied brain tissue, will have prolonged unconsciousness or serious altertion LOC
Behavior,Confusion,Amnesia

Front 39

Subarachnoid Hemmorrage

Back 39

Blood that has entered into the subarachnoid space.OR a CVA This bleeding can cause intravascular fluid to leaking into the brain, and increade edema.
Several headache
coma
Vomiting

Front 40

Diffuse Axonal injury

Back 40

is the most common type of injury in a severe blunt head trauma. The brain is injury and has a generalized edema.
Unconscious
without focal deficits

Front 41

Anoxic brain injury

Back 41

A brain injury by the lack of O2 to the brain. Profusion of the cortex is dispeupted because of spasms in the cerbral arteries.
After 4-6 mins of anoxia restoring o2 and b/p WILL NOT restore perfusion of the cortex. NO-reflow phenomenon.

Front 42

Intracranial Hemorrhage

Back 42

Hemorrage can occur between the skull and dura( the fibrous covering of the brain), between the dura and the arachnoid or directly to the brain.

Front 43

Intracranial Hemorrhage

Back 43

Hemorrage can occur between the skull and dura( the fibrous covering of the brain), between the dura and the arachnoid or directly to the brain.

Front 44

Acte Epidual Hematoma

Back 44

is an tear in the middle meningeal artery that runs along the inside of the skull in the temporal region
Injury is caused by a linear skull fx in the temporal or parietal region. Bleeding will cause an increase ICP and death is rapidly.
Loss of LOC
a lucid interval. Pt will then start to vomiting,headache,altered mental status.lapse in unconsciousness and bosy paralysis on the opposite site of head injury. Pupils are fixed and dilated.

Front 45

Acute Subdural Hematoma

Back 45

Bleeding between the dura an arachnoid is a brain tissue injury. Bleeding is venous and has intracranial pressure. May take hours or days.
Headache,
LOc
focal neurologic signs'
weakness,one side
speech
Subdural hematoma in fall pt and acholic
Pt on blood thiners.

Front 46

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Back 46

Is bleeding within the brain tissue. Blunt and Penetrating injuries head injuries.

Front 47

Basilar Skull fx

Back 47

Sympotes:
bleeding from the nose,ear clear CSF form those areas. Swelling and discoloration behind the ears.(Battle signs)
or the same to the eyes. Raccoon Eyes

Front 48

Anterior basilar Skull Fx

Back 48

Raccoon Eyes, fx may go through the thin cribriform plate. Causing fluid to leak out. Do not Nasal intubate.

Front 49

Pupils are controlled by what Cranial Never

Back 49

the Third. If pupils are fixed and dilated,pt probaly has a brain stem injury.

Front 50

Is unilaterally dilated that reamains reactive pupils a early or late sign of ICP

Back 50

early sign.