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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The drug experience is a product of more factors than just the drugs pharmacological action. What are those factors? |
Characteristics of the drug user The genetic makeup, gender, age, drug tolerance, personality, psychological set about the drug (knowledge, attitudes, expectations, thoughts) Setting in which the drug is used Laws pertaining to drug use in the community, immediate physical environment, whether other people are present at the time. |
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National survey results show that in the U.S. we use a variety of drugs. Which 3 are the most commonly used? |
Alcohol, cigarettes, marijuana |
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The heaviest and the most frequent illicit use is amongst with age group? |
18-25 |
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What manual is used for a formal definition of substance use disorders? |
DSM-5 |
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There are 6 major ways to classify a drug. What are they? |
Origin Therapeutic use (how a drug is used to treat or modify something in the body) Site of drug action (where in the body the drug is causing physical changes) Chemical structure Mechanism of action (how a drug produces its drug effects) Street name |
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Benefits and downsides to the Prohibition Era of the 1920's |
Downsides Much wider use of liquid marijuana for nonmedical purposes Drinking habits shifted to distilled spirits instead of beer. Advent of speakeasy (saloon operating w/out a license. Criminal groups distributing alcohol Benefits Rate of drinking, # of deaths from liver cirrhosis, admission rates to hospitals for treatment, arrest rates for alcohol-related offenses all decreased. |
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Club drugs |
MDMA (ecstasy)-stimulant and psychedelic effect GHB-intoxicating, sedative, euphoriant & growth hormone Ketamine (special k)-anesthetic Rohypnol (roofies)-anterograde amnesia Methamphetamine-stimulant affecting CNS |
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Main mechanisms through which society establishes formal guidelines for regulating drugs and drug use |
Legislation Beliefs about drugs |
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"War on Drugs" implemented and its original focus |
1980's To catch drug smugglers ad sellers and implementation of a "zero-tolerance" approach to drug users, including casual users of drugs. |
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The 2 drugs that are associated with death in the US, but were overlooked during the "War on Drugs". |
Tobacco & Alcohol |
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Problematic issues with drug testing |
Possible infringement on constitutional rights of privacy Relationship between a positive test result and actual job performance Accuracy of the drug tests |
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Brain cells |
Neurons |
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How do neurons transmit info? |
Information is gathered by the dendrites and travels along the axon as an electrical signal (action potential) then is held by the axon terminals and the chemicals (neurotransmitters) stored in the terminal button are released into the synapse and trigger activity into the adjacent neuron. The neurotransmitters occupy a receptor and binds. |
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Lock-key mechanism |
Receptors are the locks and must be opened before the neuron fires into the synapse. The receptors are unlocked when the neurotransmitter chemicals are released into the terminal buttons. The neurotransmitters are the keys, they must fit the receptor to trigger an event (neural firing) |
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Description of a drug that alters neural transmission by occupying a receptor site and blocking transmission. |
Antagonist |
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Two main sections of CNS |
Brain and Spinal Cord |
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4 common brain imaging tools |
Electroencephalography (EEG)-measuring brain's electrical activity through the scalp Computerized axial tomography (CAT)-passing x-rays through the head in a circular pattern to get a 3-dimensional image of the brain Positron-emission tomography (PET)-injecting weak radioisotopes into the brain and various regions can be assessed Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-a strong magnetic field is passed through a person's head. Localized and detailed brain image |
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Naturally occurring morphine |
Endorphins |
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SSRI |
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Prozac is a popular brand name Treats the symptoms of depression more effectively than tricyclics and are associated with fewer side effects for many users. |
