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4 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reliability
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How true to real life your findings are
We can only accurately repeat a study if there are high levels of control or a standardised procedure because we need to be able to repeat the experiment in exactly the same way. Most reliable method is laboratory experiment. A field experiment is low in reliability because it’s in a natural environment and if repeated you wouldn’t have the same conditions. |
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Validity
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A piece of research is valid if it tests what it set out to test
Can be affected by extraneous variables because you can’t be sure what you’re measuring so you can’t infer cause and effect. Different types of validity including internal, external, concurrent, face, ecological and population validity. |
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Ecological Validity
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The extent to which the research reflects behaviour in real life
Using an environment which is natural to the participant is high in ecological validity and will obtain results which are generalizable because they represent everyday life. In a laboratory experiment, it’s not the participants natural settings so the ecological validity is low. |
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Snapshot v Longitudinal
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Longitudinal is when a piece of research is conducted over a period of time
Snapshot or Cross Sectional Studies are conducted on a one off occasions Shows that length of time for a participants involvement and also it’s often indicated in the aim of the study Strengths Snapshot – Easy to organise and provides immediate results Snapshot – Tends to collect quantitative data and test participants objectively using scientific measures, easy to come to conclusions. Longitudinal – provides rich qualitative data about participants Longitudinal – Rich data enables us to understand development over a time period Weaknesses Longitudinal – Time consuming and participants may drop out Longitudinal – Qualitative Data is subjective and down to the interpretation of the researcher, hard to analyse and come to conclusions Snapshot - Lack of qualitative rich data to provide reasons for the behaviour shown Snapshot - doesn’t examine behaviour over time leaving explanations incomplete |
