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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Albuterol
(Ventolin, Proventil) |
Class: Sympathomimetic
How Supplied: Liquid Route: Inhalation (nebulized) ETT (alternate route) May be administered via either lumen of the Combitube Dose: Adult: Nebulizer 2.5 mg over 5-15 minutes Pediatric: Same as adult Drug Action: Bronchodilation (beta 2) |
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Albuterol
(Ventolin, Proventil) |
Indications: Bronchospasm associated with asthma and COPD
Bronchospasm from chemical toxins: nerve agents, cyanide, blistering agents, choking agents Allergic reactions unresponsive to Epinephrine or Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) Precautions: Known heart disease Side Effects: Restlessness Hypertension Tachycardia - palpations Contraindications: Pregnancy, except in life-threatening situations |
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Aspirin
(Acetylsalicylate Acid) |
Class: Anti-platelet aggregator, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic
Route: Orally (chewed) Dose: Adult: One (325mg) adult Aspirin or four (81mg) baby Aspirin Pediatric: Not used in the prehospital setting Drug Action: Decreases platelet stickiness Blocks pain impulses in the CNS Reduces fever and inflamation |
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Aspirin
(Acetylsalicylate Acid) |
Indications: Chest pain believed to be of cardiac origin
Precautions: Any significant bleeding Side Effects: None for prehospital Contraindications: ASA allergy ASA induced asthma |
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Dobutamine Hydrochloride
(Dobutrex) |
Class:
Sympathomimetic Route: IV Piggyback Dose: Adult 2-20 mcg/kg/minute Dilution ratio: 250mg, 500mg, or 1000mg may be added to various amounts (250mL, 500mL, or 1000mL) of NS, D5W or RL as determined by the clinical status and fluid requirements of the patient. Pediatric: 2-20 mcg/kg titrated to desired effect Dilution ratio: Contact Medical Control Drug Action: Stimulates beta 1 receptors in the myocardium to increase myocardial contractility, stroke volume, and cardiac output Stimulates beta 2 receptors on the smooth muscle of the bronchioles and peripheral vessels to open airways and decrease peripheral vascular resistance (preload and afterload) |
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Dobutamine Hydrochloride
(Dobutrex) |
Indications:
Pulmonary edema with systolic B/P of 70-100 and no signs/symptoms of shock Precautions: Do not administer through the same IV line with other drugs, especially Sodium Bicarbonate Assure IV patency and administer through a large peripheral vein; refer to Drug Administration Principles Continuously monitor heart rate, B/P and ECG Titrate so heart rate does not increase by more than 10% of baseline Side Effects: Phlebitis with infiltratioin Tachycardia/tachyarrhythmias In high doses - nervousness, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, hypertension Contraindications: Suspected or known poison/drug induced shock Systolic B/P less than 100 with signs/symptoms of shock Concurrent beta blocker use (may antagonize) |
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Dopamine HCL
(Intropin) |
Class:
Sympathomimetic Route: IV piggyback Dose: Adult 2-10 mcg/kg/minute per Biotel order Dilution ratio: Use a 400mg/250mL D5W (premix) or add 400mg to 250mL NS Use an 800mg/500mL D5W (premix) or add 800mg to 500mL NS Once Biotel determines mcg/min, refer to the Drug Drip Chart for drops/minute Pediatric: Not used in the prehospital setting Drug Action: Low Doses: Increse perfusion to kidneys and abdominal organs (dopaminergic) .5-2mcg Moderate Doses: Increases rate and force of ventricular contractions (beta 1) 2-10mcg High Doses: Constrict peripheral vessels (alpha) >10mcg |
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Dopamine HCL
(Intropin) |
Indications:
Cardiogenic shock with systolic B/P between 70-90mmHg Symptomatic bradycardias which do not respondto Atropine or transcutaneous pacing TCP Precautions: Assure IV patency; refer to Drug Administration Principles Do not mix with Sodium Bicarbonate; flush tubing well between drugs Continually monitor ECG, heart rate and B/P Side Effects: Tissue necrosis with infiltration Hypertension Tachycardia Arrhythmias Contraindications: Hypovolemic shock |
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Furosemide
(Lasix) |
Class:
Loop Diuretic Route: Slow IV Push (20mg/min) Initial Dose: Adult: 40mg If patient is already taking Furosemide at home, administer twice the pts. usual single, daily dose, up to a maximum of 100mg. Pediatric: Not used in the prehospital setting Drug Action: Decreases peripheral vascular resistance - VASODILATOR Decreases cardiac workload and oxygen demand on the heart Increases water excretion by inhibiting reabsorption of water, sodium, and chloride in the kidney |
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Furosemide
(Lasix) |
Indications:
Pulmonary edema due to congestive heart failure or kidney disease Precautions: Must be preceded by NTG Monitor ECG and B/P closely Document any urine output Side Effects: Hypotension Arrhythmias secondary to electrolyte imbalances Deafness if given too rapidly Contraindications: Systolic B/P <110 Pregnancy |
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Ipratropium Bromide
(Atrovent) |
Class:
Topical Anticholinergic How Supplied: Liquid Route: Inhalation (nebulized) ETT (alternate route) May be administered via either lumen of the Combitube Dose: All doses are combined with 2.5mg of Albuterol Adult: Nebulizer: 0.5mg in 2.5mL NS Pediatric: Nebulizer: <1 year old - 0.25mg in 2.5mL NS 1 year or older - 0.5mg in 2.5mL NS Drug Action: Broncholdilation Dries respiratory tract secretions |
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Ipratropium Bromide
(Atrovent) |
Indications:
Bronchospasm associated with asthma or COPD that does not respond to the first dose of Albuterol Bronchospasm from chemical toxins: nerve agents, cyanide, blistering agents, choking agents Precautions: Notify Biotel prior to administration if patients have a history of glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy, or bladder neck obstruction Side Effects: Dry Mouth Cough, worsening of symptoms Skin rash Contraindications: Sensitivity to soy lecithin products (soybeans, peanuts) Sensitivity to Atropine Bronchoconstriction that is caused by allergic reaction |
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Morphine Sulfate
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Class:
Narcotic Analgesic Route: Slow IV Push Dose: Adult Administer in titrated doses of 2-4mg, up to a maximum of 10 mg Pediatric: 0.1mg/kg Drug Action: Alleviates pain Decreases peripheral vascular resistance - VASODILATOR Decreases cardiac workload and oxygen demand on the heart |
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Morphine Sulfate
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Indications:
Pain and anxiety secondary to AMI Chest pain unrelieved by Nitroglycerin Pulmonary edema Pain secondary to amputations or fractures Precautions: Monitor respiratory status and B/P closely Notify Biotel prior to administration if patient is >65 years of age, debilitated, has altered mental status, or systolic B/P <110mmHg CHF: be prepared to intubate Have Nalaxone (Narcan) readily available Side Effects: Respiratory depression Hypotension Bradycardia Nausea and vomiting Contraindications: Systolic B/P <110mmHg, unless authorized by Biotel Head Injury Severe respiratory depression Antidote: Naloxone (Narcan) |
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Nitroglycerin
(Nitrostat) |
Class:
Vasodilator Route: Sublingual spray Dose: Adult: 1 spray (0.4mg) May be repeated twice at 5 minute intervals PRN Pediatric: Not used in the prehospital setting Drug Action: Coronary and systemic (veins and arteries) vasodilator - decreases peripheral vascular resistance, preload and afterload Decreases cardiac workload and oxygen demand |
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Nitroglycerin
(Nitrostat) |
Indications:
Chest pain of cardiac origin Pulmonary edema associated with congestive hear failure (CHF) Precautions: Monitor B/P closely Assure pt. is sitting or lying down during administration IV must be established before administering to suspected inferior wall MI's Side Effects: Hypotension Headache Postural hypotension/syncope Reflex tachycardia Contraindications: Systolic B/P <110mmHg Increased intracranial pressure Use of any of the following erectile dysfunction drugs within the past 24 hours: Sildenafil citrate (Viagra) Tadalafil (Cialis) Vardenafil (Levitra) |
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Norepinephrine Bitartrate
(Levophed) |
Class:
Sympathomimetic Route: IV piggyback Dose: Adult: 8-12mcg/minute Dilution Ratio: Add 4mg/250mL NS (16mcg/mL) or Add 8mg/500mL NS (16mcg/mL) Once Biotel determines mcg/minute, refer to Drug Drip Chart for drops/minute Pediatric: Not used in teh prehospital setting Drug Action: Potent peripheral vasoconstrictor (primary alpha; minimally beta) Increases myocardial contractility |
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Norepinephrine Bitartrate
(Levophed) |
Indications:
Cardiogenic shock when systolic B/P is <70mmHg Post resuscitation hypotension after medical CPR's when systolic B/P < 90mmHg Precautions: Assure IV patency; refer to Drug Administration Principles Continually monitor B/P Do not mix with Sodium Bicarbonate; flush tubing well between drugs Side Effects: Tissue necrosis with infiltration Hypertension Contraindications: Hypovolemia |
