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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What husband and Wife team researched human motion, which they called Therbligs?
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Frank and Lillian Gilbreth.
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What was the impetus for the emergence of I/O Psychology?
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Psychology with applied interests and concern for increasing industrial efficiency.
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What consist in the Organization Development part of I/O psychology?
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Maximize the satisfaction and effectiveness of individuals, work groups, and customers.
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What consist in the Quality of worklife part of I/O psychology?
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Redesigning of jobs to make them more meaningful and satisfying to the people who perform them.
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What consist in the Ergonomics part of I/O psychology?
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Designing tools, equipment, and machines that are compatible with human skills.
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When both the title and practice of psychology are regulated, the law is called?
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Licensing
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When only the title is regulated, the law is called?
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Cerification law.
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The process by which a professional practice is regulated by law to ensure quality standards are met to protect the public.
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Licensure.
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What were the two merging forces that gathered momentum before 1900?
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1. Pragmatic nature of some basic psychological research.
2. The desire of industrial engineers to improve efficiency |
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What Psychologist published a paper about how professional telegraphers develop skill in sending and receiving morse code?
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W.L. Bryan
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Who was consider a precursor of I/O psychology.
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W.L. Bryan
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Who stressed examining real skills as a base upon which to develop scientific psychology?
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W.L Bryan
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What consist in the Perfomance Appraisal part of I/O psychology?
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Determining the value of job performance to the organization.
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What are the four main work areas for I/O Psy?
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1. Academia(College, University) 37%
2. Consulting firms 38% 3. Government 7% 4. Industry 18% |
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What division of the APA represent I/O Psychology?
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Division 14 SIOP (Society of Industrial and Organizational Psychology.
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What's I/O Psychology.
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Professional practice that addresses psychological concepts and principles in the work world.
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What are the two sides of I/O?
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Professional / Science and Practice
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What is the Sci/Practice side of I/O dealing with.
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Scientfic methods are used to obtain behaviors.
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What's the Professional side of I/O concerned with?
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The application of knowledge to solve real problems in the world of work.
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What model is I/O education founded on?
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Scientist-Practitioner model, which trains them on both sci/practical app.
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What part of I/O psychologist do Universities hire?
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Scientists.
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What part of I/O do consulting firms hire?
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Practitioners.
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What part of I/O do business and government hire?
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A mixed.
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What are the 6 fields of I/O psychology?
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1. Selection and Placement
2. Training and Development 3. Perfomance Appraisal 4. Organization Develpment 5. Quality of worklife 6. Ergonomics |
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What do slection and placement consist of?
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Studying jobs and determining to what degree tests can predict performance in those jobs.
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What consist in the training and development part of I/O psychology?
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ID of employee skills that need to be enhaced to improve job performance.
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Three individuals who stand out as the founding fathers?
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1. Walter Dill Scott
2. Frederick W. Taylor 3. Hugo Munsterberg |
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What did Walter Dill Scott give to the cause?
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Talked to Chicago business leaders on the need to apply Psychology to advestising. He also wrote 4 books.
The theory of advestising The Psychology of Advestising Influecing men in business Increasing human Efficiency in bussiness |
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Frederick W. Taylor was best for?
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Engineer by profession.
A book the Principles of scientific management. Investigated by the interstate Commerce Commission, and the U.S. House of Representatives. |
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What was Hugo Munsterberg known for?
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His book "Psychology and Industrial efficiency" was div into 3 parts.
1. Selecting employees. 2. Designing work situations. 3. Using psychology in sales. Some consider him the father. Safe Trolley car operator reasearch. |
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Who was most involved in introducing Psychology in the war?
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Robert Yerkes. (President of the APA)
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What test did Robert Yerkes and other psychologists eventually developed?
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Army Alpha and the Army Beta, a special test for those that couldn't read.
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In 1917 the oldest andmost representative journal in the field of I/O psychology began publication?
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Journal of Applied psychology. The 1st article published addressed the Science vs. practice issue, still faced today.
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The bureau of salesmanship research was developed by who??
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Walter Bingham at the carnegie institute of technology.
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PSychological Corporation was founded by who?
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James Cattell in 1921.
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Between the wars what emerged.
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Salesmanship research and Psychological corporation.
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What was the Hawthorne studies?
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A joint venture between Western Eletric and several researchers from Harvard. Study to find the relationship beetween lighting and efficiency.
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What was the Hawthorne effect?
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A positive change in behavior that occurs at the onset of an intervention followed by a gradual decline, often to the original level of behavior.
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The results of the first hawthorne study lead to what 4 major studies?
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1.Relay assembly test room
2.Mass interviewing program 3.Bank iring observation room 4.Personnel counseling |
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Who chaired the advisory committee on classification of military during WWII?
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Walter Bingham
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What was the Army General Classification Test (AGCT)used for?
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During WWII a test developed for the selection and placement of military personnel.
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Psychologists also worked on the development and use of situational stress tests, a project undertaken by the US Office of Strategic Services (OSS). Why?
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To assess candidates for assignment to military intelligence units.
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What year was the divison of I/O psychology created?
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1946
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Elton Mayo was founder of what movement?
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Human relations movement.
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What was Ghiselli and Brown (1955)responsble for?
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Personnel and Industrial Psychology.
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Engineering psychology is a fusion of what?
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Experimental and Industrial Psychology.
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Organizational behavior was a mix of what?
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Industrial psychology, social psychology, and Sociology.
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What's Classic theory thinking?
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Emerged in the 20th century. Focused on structural relationships in organizations.
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What's Neoclassic theory thinking?
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Born in the 1950's, but finding goes back to the hawthorne studies. They argued for more humanistic work in which people derive a sense of value and meaning from their jobs.
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What's System theory thinking?
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View an organization as exiting in an interdependent relationship with it's environment.
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What are the four basic components to any organization?
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1.A system of differentiated activites.
2.People 3.Cooperation toward a goal 4.Authority |
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What are the four major structural principles of organizational theory?
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1.Functional principle
2.Scaler Principle 3.Line/Staff Principle 4.Span-of-Control Principle. |
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Were any of the Classic organizational theorists Psychologist?
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No.
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Systems theory asserts that an organizational system is composed of these five parts.
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1.Indviduals
2.Formal organization 3.Small groups 4.Status and role 5.Physical setting |
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What is the armed services vocational apitude battery (ASVAB)?
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A test developed in the 1980's by I/O psychologists for the selection and placement of military personnel.
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In the 1980's Psychologists including I/O psycs changed to what thinking?
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Cognitive factors that cause behavior.
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I/O psychologist had to serve two ultimate authorities what are they?
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1. To perform high quality work, sci research, or services to clients.
2. Goverment scrutiny and evaluations I/O psycs had to accept the consequences of being legally accountablefor their actions. |
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What's cross cultural psychology?
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An area of research that's focus on people of other cultures and societies.
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An organization is?
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A group of people who perform tasks to produce goods or services.
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In the authors opinion, there are major schools of thought on organization what are they?
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Classic, Neoclassic, and System theories.
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What did Renis Likert bring to I/O?
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The attitude scale test.
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Who is the big four?
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Douglas Mcgregor
Chris Argyris Fredrick Herzberg Rensis Libert |
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Acording to Mcgregor and Herzberg-basic Y assumptions about people?
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1.Work is natural as play
2.People are capable of self-direction and self control. 3.People can be responsible 4.People can creatively solve organizational problems. 5.The intellectual potential of most employees is only partly utilized. |
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What book did Mcgregor write for America business men but the Japanese companies used it first?
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The human side of enterprise.
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What was Chris Angyris normal trends in human development?
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Passive= Active
Limted behavior= Sophisticated behavior Limited time perspective=long term time Subordinate= equal or better Shallow interest= Deeper interest |
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What are the conqsequences of forcing child like behavior in the work enviroment?
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1.Turnover
2.Psychological defense mechanisms increase. 3.More Aggression 4.Sabotage |
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Fredrick Herzberg theories was based on case study. What was the source of bad feeling?
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1.Company policy
2.Work conditions 3.Technical supervision 4.Relationship with supervision |
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What was Herzberg sources of good feelings?
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1.Achievment
2.Advancement 3.work it self 4.Co-workers 5.Recognition 6.Responsibilty |