Invert Test 2

Front 1

Phylum name for flatworms

Back 1

Platyhelminthes

Front 2

4 Classes of Flatworms

Back 2

Turbellaria

Trematoda

Cestoda

Monogenea

Front 3

Free living group of flatworms

Back 3

Flatworms (Planaria)

Front 4

Parasitic Flatworms

Back 4

Flukes

Tapeworms

Ectoparasites

Front 5

Organism of Turbellaria

Back 5

Flatworms or Planaria

Front 6

Organism of Trematoda

Back 6

Flukes

Front 7

Organism of Cestoda

Back 7

Tapeworms

Front 8

Organism of Monogenea

Back 8

Ectoparasites

Front 9

Subgroup of Platyhelminthes

Back 9

Bilateria

Front 10

Advantages of Bilateral Symmetry

Back 10

1.) Creates Cephalization

2.) Allows for segmentation

3.) Allows for specialized body appendages

4.) Allows for 1 way digestion

Front 11

Advantage of radial symmetry

Back 11

Allows for 360° sensory perception

Front 12

Gastrovascular Cavity

Back 12

Where digestion occurs

Nutrient absorption takes place via endocytosis

Waste products expelled via exocytosis

Front 13

Body Systems of Turbellaria

Back 13

Digestive

Nervous

Reproductive

Excretory

Front 14

Parts of Turbellaria Digestive System

Back 14

Mouth & pharynx

Gastrovascular cavity

Front 15

Parts of Turbellaria Nervous System

Back 15

Surface Structures: Sensory Cilia Adhesive Glands

Releaser Glands

Ocelli

Statocyst

Front 16

Role of Sensory Cilia

Back 16

Located on the ventral surface to detect substrate

Front 17

Adhesion Glands

Back 17

Produce adhesive substances to allow for attachment to substrate

Front 18

Releaser Glands

Back 18

Produce releasing enzymes to break down adhesion substances

Front 19

Ocelli

Back 19

Primitive eye spots with pigmented cells to send light and dark signals to photoreceptor neurons

*oldest "eyes" in animal kingdom

Front 20

Statocyst

Back 20

Orientation organ; orients animal in their environment

Front 21

Benefit of hermaphrodism

Back 21

Increases mating opportunities

Front 22

Forms of asexual reproduction in Turbellaria

Back 22

Regeneration & Fission

Front 23

Parts of Turbellaria Excretory System

Back 23

Nephridia

Flame Bulb

Front 24

Nephridia

Back 24

Excretory canals that run throughout the body absorbing water

Front 25

Flame Bulb

Back 25

End point of Excretory Canals containing ciliated cells that filter waste to the nephridia pores (excretory pores)

Front 26

Primary Host

Back 26

Host for the adult body form of a parasite; where reproduction takes place

Front 27

Miricidia

Back 27

Egg case, with a similar morphology to a chicken egg, containing a developing larvae

Front 28

Cercariae

Back 28

Free swimming larvae of a liver fluke

Front 29

Lifecycle of Liver Fluke

Back 29

1.) Human host eats encysted fish

2.) Flukes mature in bile ducts of liver & produce eggs

3.) Miracidia pass through intestines & into feces

4.) Miracidia ingested by aquatic snails & develop into sporocysts

5.) Sporocysts devlop into cercariae & leave snail

6.) Cercariae invade muscle tissue of fish and form cysts

Front 30

Body Sections of Cestoda

Back 30

Scolex

Neck

Proglottids

Front 31

Scolex

Back 31

Attachment organ composed of rostellium & suckers

Front 32

Rostellium

Back 32

Crown of hooks that bury into intestines of host

Front 33

Neck of Cestoda

Back 33

Contains stem cells used to build up body segments

Front 34

Proglottids

Back 34

Body segments that build from the neck; where nutrient absorption takes place; reproductive structures in each segment

Front 35

Lifecycle of tape worm

Back 35

1.) Egg contaminated vegetation is ingested by livestock

2.) Eggs hatch and larvae infect muscle tissue of livestock & forms a cyst

3.) Human ingestes encysted meat where adult tapeworm develops and attaches in intestine

Front 36

Classes of Phylum Mollusca

Back 36

Bivalvia

Monoplacophora

Gastropoda

Cephalopoda

Scaphopoda

Aplacophora

Polyplacophora

Ammomoidea

Front 37

Organisms of Class Bivalvia

Back 37

Scallops

Clams

Oysters

Mussels

Front 38

Tridacna deresa

Back 38

Giant Clam - immobile & have symbiotic zooxanthellae

Front 39

Bivalvia filter feeding method

Back 39

Highly structured entrance valve pulls water in and exits a second valve

Front 40

Byssal threads

Back 40

Hair like structures that allow for attachment to substrate

Front 41

Family Unionids

Back 41

Mussels native to Ohio Valley

Have lures to attract fish to host larvae (lure morphology varies greatly)

Front 42

Monoplacophora

Back 42

One plate

Limpet like

Living fossils; thought to be extinct until the 1950s

Front 43

Organisms of Class Gastropoda

Back 43

Snails, Slugs, Limpets, and Sea Hares

Front 44

Organisms of Cephalopoda

Back 44

Squid, Octopi, Nautilus, Cuttlefish, & Ammonites

Front 45

Typical Mollusca Body Plan

Back 45

Radula

Mantle

Foot

Gill

Shell

Front 46

Radula

Back 46

Tongue like structure in the mouth that is lined with sharp ridges allow for scraping of food from substrates

Front 47

Mantle

Back 47

Cloak like covering that surrounds internal organs and secretes calcium carbonate to create the shell

Front 48

Foot

Back 48

Allows for movement and can be specialized for borrowing or hunting

Front 49

Gill

Back 49

Allows for respiration and digestion via a ciliated food groove that leads to the mouth

Front 50

Shell

Back 50

Made of calcium carbonate (limestone) and an outer surface of chiton

Front 51

Feeding Methods of Mollusca

Back 51

Grazers

Filter Feeders

Predators

Parasites

Front 52

Coelomates

Back 52

True internal & isolated body cavity

Evolutionary advancement

Complete & efficient digestive tract

Front 53

Gonochoristic

Back 53

Exclusive male and female sexes that produce only 1 gamete type

Front 54

Bivalve Life Cycle

Back 54

1.) Males release sperm into water column and females uptake for internal fertilization

2.) Larvae will develop in brood pouch of female until they are ready to be released as mature Glochidia

3.) Females use lure to attract a fish & release Glochidia to attach to fish gills

4.) Juveniles will release from fish gills to burrow into substrate

Front 55

Glochidia

Back 55

Mature larvae of bivalve that attaches to fish gills

Front 56

Adapted Typical Body Plan for Cephalopods

Back 56

Foot- tentacle & arms

Radula - beak

Siphon - for jet propulsion instead of feeding

Proison Gland

Rudimentary Shell - reduced for mobility

Ink Sac - predation evasion

Front 57

Spermatophore of Cephalopod

Back 57

Packet full of sperm cells that is deposited into the mantle of the female for internal fertilization

Front 58

Chromatophore Cells

Back 58

Color changing cells for communication, camouflage, and predation

Front 59

Architeuthis spp

Back 59

Giant Squid

Front 60

Scaphopoda

Back 60

Tusk shells

Unique Appendage: Captacula

Front 61

Captacula

Back 61

Appendages near mouth for grasping food; unique to Class Scaphopoda

Front 62

Aplacophora

Back 62

No plates

Spicule covered worm like animals

Front 63

Polyplacophores

Back 63

Many plates

Chitons

Front 64

Ammonoidea

Back 64

Extinct class of mollusc

Front 65

Phylum Annelida

Back 65

Segmented Worms

Front 66

Classes of Phylum Annelida

Back 66

Polychaeta

Clitellata

Front 67

Subclasses of Clitellata

Back 67

Oligochaeta

Hirudinea

Front 68

Organisms of Class Polychaeta

Back 68

Marine Worms

Front 69

Organisms of Subclass Oligochaeta

Back 69

Earthworms and many aquatic worms

Front 70

Organisms of Subclass Hirudinea

Back 70

Leeches

Front 71

General Morphology of Annelids

Back 71

Segmented body

Hydrostatic Skeleton

Clitellum

Setae

Closed Circulatory System

Primitive Brain

Front 72

Clitellum

Back 72

Site of gamete exchange

Front 73

Setae

Back 73

Sensory bristles/hairs for movement and sensation

Front 74

Closed Circulatory System

Back 74

Blood stays within vessels

Front 75

Parapodium

Back 75

Appendages with setae and respiratory vessels

Front 76

Radiole

Back 76

Adapted setae of christmas tree worm

Used to capture food

Front 77

Trophosome

Back 77

Special organ of Giant Tube Worms that houses chemosynthetic bacteria that convert CO2 and Sulfur to energy

Front 78

Body Structures of Hirudinea

Back 78

Oral Sucker

Crop

Caudal Sucker

Front 79

Oral Sucker of Hirudinea

Back 79

Composed of a jaw, extremely sharp ridges of teeth, and salivary glands that secrete anticoagulants

Front 80

Crop

Back 80

Blood storage organ or hirudinea

Front 81

Caudal Sucker of Hirudinea

Back 81

Attachment organ

Front 82

Asexual Reproduction of Annelids

Back 82

Budding

Fission

Regeneration

Strobilation

Front 83

Ecdysozoans

Back 83

Exhibit Ecdysis

Front 84

Ecdysis

Back 84

Shedding the exoskeleton

Front 85

Arthropods Subphyla

Back 85

Trilobytamorpha

Chelicerata

Myriapoda

Crustacea

Hexapoda

Front 86

Classes of Chelicerata

Back 86

Arachnida

Merostomata

Pycnogonida

Front 87

Orders of Arachnida

Back 87

Acari

Araneae

Scorpions

Front 88

Organisms of Acari

Back 88

Mites & Ticks

Front 89

Organisms of Araneae

Back 89

Spiders

Front 90

Organisms of Class Merostomata

Back 90

Horseshoe Crabs

Front 91

Organisms of Pycnogonida

Back 91

Sea Spiders

Front 92

Classes of Myriapoda

Back 92

Chilopoda

Diplopoda

Front 93

Organisms of Chilopoda

Back 93

Centipedes

Front 94

Organisms of Class Diplopoda

Back 94

Millipedes

Front 95

General Morphology of Arthropods

Back 95

Exoskeleton

Segmented Body

Jointed Appendages

Heart w/open circulatory system

Spiracles

Book lung

Gonopods

Malpighian Tubules

Front 96

Malpighian Tubules

Back 96

Extension of the digestive tract that eliminates nitrogenous waste

Only in terrestrial organisms

Front 97

Classes of Subphyla Crustacea

Back 97

Brachiopoda

Maxillopoda

Ostracoda

Malacostraca

Front 98

Organisms of Brachiopoda

Back 98

Brine Shrimp

Front 99

Brachiopod

Back 99

Swimming and respiration appendage

Front 100

Organisms of Class Maxillopoda

Back 100

Barnacles

Copepods

Cirripedia

Front 101

Organisms of Class Ostracoda

Back 101

Seed Shrimp

Front 102

Organisms of Class Malacostraca

Back 102

Lobsters

Crabs

Krill

Shrimp

Front 103

General Morphology of Crustacea

Back 103

2 pairs of antennae

5 + pairs of legs

Cephalothorax

Front 104

Gonopods

Back 104

External male genitalia

Front 105

Book Lung

Back 105

Exoskeleton folds which increases surface area for gas exchange

Front 106

Classes of Subphyla Hexapoda

Back 106

Insecta

Entognatha

Front 107

Hemimetabolous Development

Back 107

Larvae are essentially small adult forms with minimal morphological changes during development

Front 108

Holometabolous Development

Back 108

Larvae go through significant morphological changes in development

Front 109

Organisms of Class Insecta

Back 109

Winged Hexpods

Front 110

Organisms of Class Entognatha

Back 110

Wingless Hexapods

Front 111

General Morphology of Class Insecta

Back 111

3 pairs of legs

1-2 pairs of wings

Front 112

Specialized Sensory Organs of Class Insecta

Back 112

Antennae

Compound Eye

Front 113

Periciopods

Back 113

Walking legs of crustaceans

Front 114

Swimmerets

Back 114

Modified legs for respiration of movement in water

Front 115

Cheliped

Back 115

Modified legs into pincers of crustaceans

Front 116

General Morphology of Subphyla Chelicerates

Back 116

No antennae

4 pairs of legs

Chelicerae

Pedipalps

Front 117

Tergite

Back 117

Outer plates covering body segments of Subphyla Myriapoda

Front 118

Morphology of Class Chilopoda

Back 118

1 pair of legs per body segment

Ocelli

Venomous Fangs

Front 119

Morphology of Class Diplopoda

Back 119

2 pairs of legs per body segment

Generally rounded body shape

Front 120

Theory behind evolution of insect wings

Back 120

1.) Form of thermoregulation

2.) Gill adaptation

Front 121

Limulus Amebocyte Lysate (LAL)

Back 121

Derived from horseshoe crab blood for bio medical sterilization