Introduction To The Study Of Disease

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Disease

Back 1

The consequence of a failure of homeostasis

Front 2

Aetiogenesis

Back 2

The cause of disease

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Aetiology

Back 3

The study of the cause of disease

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Pathogenesis

Back 4

The progress or development of a disease since the cause establishes itself within the organism until its first clinical manifestation.

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Pathology

Back 5

The study of disease. It can also be defined as the description of the manifestation, process and effects of disease.

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Lesion

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Any demonstrable morphological abnormality of a cell, tissue or organ.

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Intermittent disease

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Consists of:
- exacerbation phase
- remission

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Permanent remission

Back 8

The disease is said to be cured

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Natural history of disease

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The way the disease develops when it is not treated.

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Endogenous (internal) causes of disease

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- Hereditary factors
- Constitution (combines hereditary with socioeconomic, environmental, etc.)

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Other contributing factors for manifestation of disease

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- Predisposition (genetic, developmental, age-related, etc.)
- Refractoriness (natural resistance or immunity)

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Aetiological classification of diseases

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- Acquired (physical agents, nutritional factors, age-related, abnormal immune reactions, etc.)
- Congenital (genetic, e.g. Down's syndrom)

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Multifactorial disease

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As the result of interaction between environmental and genetic factors

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Idiopathic disease

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Also known as cryptogenic disease. Have an unknown or poorly understood cause.

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Iatrogenic disease

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Caused by health care through diagnosis, treatment, etc.

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Types of diagnosis

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- Presumptive
- Differential
- Definitive

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Presumptive diagnosis

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Pondering or considering various disease that share common symptoms.

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Differential diagnosis

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Considering several related disease and their individual excluding signs and symptoms.

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Definitive diagnosis

Back 19

The degree of certainty achieved about a given disease or condition after considering history, findings and results from complementary investigations..