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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Rely on using principle of classical and operant conditioning to change problem behaviors directly.
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Behavioral therapies
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Involves conditioning a new response that's incompatible with an old response.
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Counterconditioning.
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A procedure where anxiety is gradually replaced with relaxation.
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Systematic desensitizaiton.
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Where a person goes straight into the fear-provoking situation without intermediate steps.
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Flooding
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An unpleasant response becomes associated with what would normally be a pleasant activity.
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Aversive Conditioning.
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Rely on drugs or surgery.
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Biological or medical therapies.
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Has to do with how the behavior of individuals is influenced by other people.
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Social psychology
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Refers to how we process info. about other people.
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Social cognition.
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Deals with types of explanations people generate for others' behavior.
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Attribution theory
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Explain behavior in terms of factors inside a person.
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Dispositional attributions
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Explain behavior in terms of factors outside the person.
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Situational attributions
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Observers tend to attribute others' behavior to dispositions.
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Actor-observer difference.
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If you behave in a way that's inconsistent with your attributes, it will produce tension.
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Cognitive dissonance theory.
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About the direct and indirect pressures exerted by others to change someone's attitudes or behaviors.
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Social influence.
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Asked participants to judge which of three lines on a piece of paper was the same length as the fourth line.
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Solomon Asch
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Pressure to comply with the norm.
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Normative Social Influence.
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What other people do simply provides info. about how to behave.
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Informational social influence.
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Demonstrated that people can be incredibly susceptible to the demands of authority.
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Stanley Milgram.
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Aggression is always the product of frustration and frustration always leads to aggression according to this.
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Frustration-aggression hypothesis.
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Our goal in life is to maximize our rewards and minimize our costs according to this.
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Social-exchange theory. (Minimax principle)
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We're obligated to help people who need our help.
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Social responsibility norm.
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We're obligated to help those who have helped us.
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Reciprocity norm.
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Refers to the consistency of people's scores on a test.
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Reliability.
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Coefficients larger than ___ are generally considered adequate evidence of reliability.
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+.70
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How well does the test correlate with itself?
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Internal consistency
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Measure of reliability.
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Cronbach's alpha
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Whether the test looks as though it's measuring what it's supposed to.
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Face validity.
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Refers to how well scores on the test predict actual behavior.
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Predictive validity.
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Refers to whether scores on the questionnaire are related in expected ways.
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Construct validity.
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Most common occuring score.
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Mode
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Allow you to make inferences about populations based on the characteristics of your sample.
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Inferential statistics.
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