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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Edward Burnett Tylor & the animistic theory of religion
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People understand concepts of souls from experiences of death and dreams.
The origin of ancestor worship and polytheism came from the animistic theory. |
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Max Muller & the nature worship theory
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Humans develop religious ideas from observing forces of nature.
Religion is personification of natural forces. |
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Schmidt's "monotheistic" theory of religion
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Earliest religions are monotheistic in nature and are based on one high god.
Polytheistic religions are corrupting monotheistic worship. Advanced religion is recovering true monotheism. |
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Frazer's "magic" theory of religion
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Evolutionary type of theory
3 Phases: 1) People control and understand the force of nature through magic 2) The understanding of the natural world through religion 3) Science is the way to understand and interact with the world |
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Sigmund Freud's theories of religion as projections of human needs
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Freud believed that religion expresses human fantasies about life - Type of neurosis, mental illness.
Mature people do not need the illusion of religion to cope with life - instead they need psychology. |
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Karl Marx's theories of religion as projections of human needs
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Karl Mark: "opium of the people" - when it comes to religion, there are the wealthy few who use religion to keep the masses (the poor people) in their place.
Prevents the impoverished many from facing and changing the reality of their exploration. |
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The common traits of basic religions
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1) Contemporary people who do not have written sculpture on their beliefs
2) People who are prehistoric individuals 3) Animism is most common form of basic religion |
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Three basic varieties of religious violence
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1) Punishment for those perceived as evil (salem witch trials)
2) Violence 3) Religious communities clashing (middle-east) |
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Theory of mana
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Supernatural powers belonging to the unseen that is experienced emotionally
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