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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Definition of Water Pollution |
The presence of physical, chemical, and biological agents in subsurface and surface water in quantities that interfere with the intended use of these resources and threaten the health of humans and the health of the natural ecosystem |
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Physical water pollutants |
Heat, sediment
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chemical water pollutants |
nutrients, organics, heavy metals
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biological water pollutants |
virus, pathogenic bacteria
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point sources of water pollutants |
pipes or smaller devices which directly discharge to surface water, process is readily identifiable
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nonpoint sources of water pollutants |
not identifiable, process is diffused
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What are the impacts of surface water pollutants? |
oxygen depletion, human toxicity, eutrophication |
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Steps to conducting a BOD5 lab test |
1. collect sample 2. place sample in BOD bottles 3. Measure DO in BOD bottles 4. incubate the BOD bottles at 20 deg cel. for 5 days in the dark 5. measure the DO in BOD bottles after 5 days 6. Difference of before incubation DO and after incubation = BOD5 mg/l |
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Zone 1 of pollution |
Zone of degradation >BOD, bacteria, turbidity <DO |
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Zone 2 of pollution |
Zone of Active Decomposition < BOD >< bacteria and turbidity <> DO |
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Zone 3 of pollution |
Zone of Recovery <^ BOD5, turbidity, and bacteria >^ DO
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Eutrophication |
the natural ageing process associated w/ surface water ecosystems |
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Stage 1 of eutrophication |
Oligotrophic
cold water high diversity total biomass low |
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Stage 2 of eutrophication |
Mesotrophic
water temp increasing medium diversity total biomass increasing |
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Stage 3 of eutrophication |
Eutrophic
water temp still increasing low diversity total biomass HIGH |
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Monomictic |
one turnover per year |
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Dimictic |
two turnovers per year |
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Autumn turnover |
surface cools more dense and sinks nutrient and oxygen rich water mix |
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Winter turnover |
uniform temp free mixing of top and bottom
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Spring turnover |
surface temp increases less dense and floats
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Summer turnover |
lake stratification low density surface water traps the more dense cooler water beneath thermocline zone |
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Eplimnion stratification layer |
upper layer of lake warm low density waters |
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Metalimnion stratification layer |
b/w upper and lower layers sharp drop in water temp w/ depth -- thermocline
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hypolimnion stratification layer |
bottom layer cold dense water |
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Point source input methods |
eliminate/reduce water pollutants: 1. water conservation 2. process changes 3. recycling |
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point source output methods |
remove water pollutants from the waste stream prior to discharge, using phys, chem, bio treatments |
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point source POTWS |
primary - screening, gravity settling secondary - biological processes tertiary - advanced, chem, phys, and bio processes |
