Intro To Psych

Front 1

In trying to solve a potentially complicated problem quickly, we are most likely to rely on

Back 1

heuristics

Front 2

A child's realization that others may have beliefs that the child knows to be false best illustrates the development of

Back 2

theory of mind

Front 3

The term critical period refers to

Back 3

a restricted time for learning

Front 4

When her teacher mentioned the arms race, Krista understood that the word “arms” referred to weapons and not to body parts. Krista's correct interpretation best illustrates the importance of

Back 4

semantics

Front 5

The smallest speech units that carry meaning are called

Back 5

morphemes

Front 6

Failing to understand the norms of the community into which we have recently moved is most likely to contribute to

Back 6

culture shock

Front 7

The tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions is called

Back 7

conformation bias

Front 8

Jim, age 55, plays basketball with much younger adults and is concerned that his teammates might consider his age to be a detriment to their game outcome. His concern actually undermines his athletic performance. This best illustrates the impact of

Back 8

Stereotype threat

Front 9

Many people overestimate how long they actually remain awake during restless nights because their moments of wakefulness are easier to recall than their moments of sleep. This best illustrates the impact of

Back 9

the availability heuristic

Front 10

Myra has such low self-esteem that she is often on the lookout for critical comments about her appearance and personality. Myra's behavior best illustrates the dangers of

Back 10

confirmation bias

Front 11

Framing refers to

Back 11

the way in which a problem or issue is phrased or worded

Front 12

The cognitive ability that has been shown to decline during adulthood is the ability to

Back 12

recall new information

Front 13

hich is the correct order of stages of prenatal development?

Back 13

zygote, embryo, fetus

Front 14

Those who learn sign language as teens never become as fluent as children exposed to sign language from birth. This best illustrates the importance of ________ for mastering language.

Back 14

a critical period

Front 15

Achievement tests are designed to

Back 15

assess learned knowledge or skills

Front 16

After Nadia learned that penguins can't fly, she had to modify her existing concept of birds. This best illustrates the process of

Back 16

accommodation

Front 17

Compared with the children of authoritarian parents, the children of authoritative parents are

Back 17

more likely to develop a sense of self-reliance and more likely to demonstrate social competence

Front 18

Perceived differences between various shades of color are greater if people assign a different name to each hue. This best illustrates the influence of

Back 18

language on thinking

Front 19

The speed of neurotransmission in the frontal lobe increases during adolescence due to the growth of

Back 19

myelin

Front 20

Nonreproductive sexual characteristics such as the deepened male voice and male facial hair are called

Back 20

secondary sex characteristics

Front 21

Mark thinks that language development over the life span requires a slow but steady shaping process. His belief is most directly relevant to the issue of

Back 21

continuity and stages

Front 22

The part of the left temporal lobe that is involved in understanding language is known as

Back 22

Wernicke's area

Front 23

In addition to an overall intelligence score, the WAIS provides separate scores for such skills as

Back 23

working memory

Front 24

Intelligence tests are “biased” in the sense that

Back 24

test performance is influenced by cultural experiences

Front 25

A concept is a

Back 25

mental grouping of similar objects, events, ideas, or people

Front 26

Which of the following is TRUE of adolescence today as compared with a century ago?

Back 26

Puberty occurs earlier in life, and adult independence occurs later in life.

Front 27

When completing a verbal aptitude test, members of an ethnic minority group are particularly likely to perform below their true ability levels if they believe that the test

Back 27

is biased against members of their own ethnic group

Front 28

The distribution of intelligence test scores in the general population forms a bell-shaped pattern. This pattern is called a

Back 28

normal curve

Front 29

At 17 months of age, Julie says “wada” whenever she wants a drink of water. Julie is most likely in the ________ stage of language development

Back 29

one-word

Front 30

A 12-year-old who responded to the original Stanford-Binet with the proficiency typical of an average 9-year-old was said to have an IQ of

Back 30

75

Front 31

A test of your capacity to learn to be an automobile mechanic would be considered a(n) ________ test.

Back 31

aptitude

Front 32

People told that a chemical in the air is projected to kill 10 out of every 10,000 people feel more frightened than if told the fatality risk is one-tenth of 1 percent. This best illustrates the importance of

Back 32

framing

Front 33

During the earliest stage of speech development, infants

Back 33

make some speech sounds that do not occur in their parents' native language

Front 34

“I don't care whether you want to wash the dishes, you will do so because I said so!” This statement is most representative of a(n) ________ parenting style.

Back 34

authoritative

Front 35

For the original version of the Stanford-Binet, IQ was defined as

Back 35

mental age divided by chronological age and multiplied by 100

Front 36

After she suffered a stroke, Mrs. Jacobitz had so much difficulty speaking that she had to communicate by writing. This suggests that her brain damage occurred in

Back 36

Broca's area

Front 37

In terms of incidence, susceptibility to short-term illnesses ________ with age and susceptibility to long-term ailments ________ with age.

Back 37

decreases; increases

Front 38

Jamilla systematically tried each successive key on her dad's key ring until she found the one that unlocked his office door. This best illustrates problem solving by means of

Back 38

an algorithm

Front 39

Taking certain drugs during pregnancy is likely to expose unborn children to

Back 39

teratogens

Front 40

The women's basketball team at the University of Tennessee improved in free-throw shooting after practicing

Back 40

mental imagery

Front 41

According to Piaget, schemas are

Back 41

people's conceptual frameworks for organizing and interpreting information

Front 42

A cross-sectional study is one in which

Back 42

different age groups are tested at the same time