Intro. Psych. Ch. 22

Front 1

Freud's second stage of psychosexual maturation, which involves the task of becoming toilet trained during yrs. 2 & 3

Back 1

anal stage

Front 2

Spiritual symbols that appear in many different cultures.

Back 2

archetypes

Front 3

Branch of psychology founded on the notion that observable behavior is the only appropiate focus of psychology.

Back 3

behaviorism

Front 4

Ego defense mechanism that involves devoloping alternative behaviors & traits to make up for weaknesses.

Back 4

compensation

Front 5

Ego defense mechanism that involves involuntary "blinding" of self to reality.

Back 5

denial

Front 6

Ego defense mechanism that involves shifting negative feelings to "safer" targets.

Back 6

displacement

Front 7

The Freudian component of personality that attempts to meet one's needs in a more realistic manner so that pleasure is maximized while punishment and harm to others are minimized.

Back 7

ego

Front 8

The phenomenon in human development that occurs anywhere from ages three to five when girls develop a bond with their father & develop a fear of or rivalry with their mother.

Back 8

Electra complex

Front 9

The failure to resolve a certain psychosexual stage.

Back 9

fixation

Front 10

Freud's final stage of psychosexual maturation, during which children begin to form adult sexual desires and interests, & the adult sexual identity begins to develop.

Back 10

genital stage

Front 11

Theories of personality that focus on the subjective experiences of individuals striving for meaning & growth.

Back 11

humanistic theories

Front 12

The Freudian component of personality that strives to gain immediate gratification without concern for its cost or effect upon others.

Back 12

id

Front 13

Ego defense mechanism that involves reducing moral anxiety by aligning self with a valued person, goal, or cause.

Back 13

identification

Front 14

Ego defense mechanism that involves reducing anxiety by adopting values & standards of important others.

Back 14

introjection

Front 15

Freud's fourth stage of psychosexual maturation, during which children's cognitive abilities & ego develop & their sexual development is largely "on hold."

Back 15

latent stage

Front 16

Passive resignation, or a feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, & depression that is sometimes experienced by people who face repeated traumatic events that they have no control over.

Back 16

learned helplessness

Front 17

Theories of personality that focus on learned patterns of behavior & cognitive interpretation of events.

Back 17

learned theories

Front 18

The place where people perceive to have the greatest influence over their behavior.

Back 18

locus of control

Front 19

Discomfort caused by superego punishment for violating personal morality or being imperfect.

Back 19

moral anxiety

Front 20

Unrealistic fear that one's instincts will rule one's behavior, thereby causing one to act in contrast to the demands of society, which will result in punishment.

Back 20

neurotic anxiety

Front 21

A model that explores the relationship between people or things (objects) and the individual's perceptions of these objects, based on the underlying concept that two people may see the same object but experience two extremely diff. reations.

Back 21

object relations theory

Front 22

The phenomenon in human development that occurs anywhere from ages 3 to 5 when boys develop a bond with their mother & develop a fear of rivalry with their father.

Back 22

Oedipus complex

Front 23

Freud's first stage of psychosexual maturation, during which children are focused on oral activities such as sucking nipples, fingers, & nearly anything else they can get into their mouths.

Back 23

oral stage

Front 24

Patterns of human behavior, cognition, & affect as they occur in everyday life across situations and over time.

Back 24

personality

Front 25

Freud's 3rd stage of psychosexual maturation, during which children become aware of their genitals & begin to experience pleasure through fondling or rubbing them.

Back 25

phallic stage

Front 26

The principle stating that people seek immediate pleasure to avoid pain & reduce tension.

Back 26

pleasure principle

Front 27

Ego defense mechanism that involves involuntary attribution of one's own unacceptable feelings to others.

Back 27

projection

Front 28

Theories of personality that focus largely on unconsious conflicts and defenses.

Back 28

psychodynamic theories

Front 29

Freud's 5 stages of maturation: oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital.

Back 29

psychosexual stages

Front 30

Ego defense mechanism that involves reducing the effects of unacceptable outcomes by discounting their importance.

Back 30

rationalization

Front 31

The process of substituting a particular reaction with its opposite reaction to avoid guilt, punishment, or another negative experience.

Back 31

reaction formation

Front 32

Fear of danger from the external world that is proportionate to actual threat.

Back 32

realistic anxiety

Front 33

The principle stating that the human ego attempts to meet the demands of the id while simultaneously considering the mandates of society.

Back 33

reality principle

Front 34

Ego defense mechanism that involves reverting to an earlier developmental behavior to decrease anxiety.

Back 34

regression

Front 35

A kind of motivated forgetting, in which a person doesn't remember something because of the emotional pain or anxiety it causes.

Back 35

repression

Front 36

The resolution of personal conflicts & achievement of emotional growth.

Back 36

self-actualization

Front 37

The process of shifting the energy of one's libido from primarily self-serving pursuits to those centered on service and advancement of society.

Back 37

sublimation

Front 38

The Freudian component of personality that considers the internalized beliefs and censures created by societal norms that strives to limit the ungoverned pursuit of gratification.

Back 38

superego

Front 39

A person't consistent behaviors & attitudes that last over time and across situations.

Back 39

traits

Front 40

The process of defining categories of personality based on common traits rather than the personality traits of an individual.

Back 40

typology