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38 Cards in this Set
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Three dimensional body that has formed at the Earth's surface, thru the interactions of at least five soil-forming factors. |
Soil |
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Study of soil as a natural resource on the surface of the earth |
Soil Science |
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6 branches of Soil Science |
Soil (micro) Biology Soil Physics Soil Mineralogy & Chemistry Soil Fertility Soil Geomorphology Soil Conservation Mgmt |
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What are the soil Composition |
Mineral Matter 45% Organic Matter 5% Water 25% Air 25% |
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2 Approaches in Soil Science |
Edaphological Pedological |
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Approach in Soil Science for Plant Nutrition & Plant Growth |
Edaphological |
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Approach in Soil Science for Soil Formation & Soil Genesis |
Pedological |
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6 Importance of Soil |
Cropland Grazing land Forest Landscape Horticulture Engineering Medium Filtration Medium |
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Funtion of Soil in Ecosystems Supports growth of plants Controls fate in hydrologic system Nature's recycling system Provide habitat An engineering medium |
Facts |
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Is the physical disintegration & the chemical decomposition of earth material or near the surface of the earth |
Weathering |
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3 kind of Weathering |
Physical weathering Chemical weathering Biological weathering |
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Known as the mechanical or disintegration cause by physical stresses within rock or mineral |
Physical weathering |
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Forms of Physical weathering |
Exfoliation Thermal expansion Freezing & thawing (Gelifraction) |
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Known as the decomposition changes the chemical makeup of rock & breaks it down. |
Chemical weathering |
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Involves Biochemical breakdown of rocks & mineral into different product. |
Chemical weathering |
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Subset of Chemical weathering |
Pedochemical & Geochemical weathering |
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4 Chemical weathering process |
Hydrolysis Hydration Carbonation Oxidation |
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Minerals react with the hydrogen that is in the water molecule |
Hydrolysis |
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Most important Chemical weathering for silicate mineral Molecule splits into H+ & OH ions |
Hydration |
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Weathering process associated with Co2 in aqueous soultion |
Carbonization |
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Reduction reaction |
Oxidation |
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Plants & their associated Microbiota directly impact weathering by generating chelating compound |
Biological weathering (Involved Biological & Biochemical weathering |
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Original source of most soils is ___ the solid, unweathered material of the Earth's crust. |
Rocks & Minerals |
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3 rocks Classification |
Igneous Rock Sedimentary Rock Metamorphic Rock |
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Created by cooling & solidification of molten materials from deep in the earth. |
Igneous Rock |
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The most dominant Soil Rock in the Philippines. Extrusive rocks Intrusive rocks |
Basalt Andesite |
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2 sample of Igneous Rock |
Basalt Granite |
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Fine-grained rock Dark in color |
Basalt |
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Coarse-grained rock made of Feldspar & Quartz |
Granite |
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Fairly soft mineral containing K & Ca |
Feldspar |
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Very hard & resistant mineral |
Quartz |
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Formed from other existing rocks thru fragmentation, transport & centimentation |
Sedimentary Rock |
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4 important Sedimentary rock |
Limestone Dolomite Shale Sandstone |
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Formed from other existing rock via process of remelting & recrystallization under high pressure & temperature |
Metamorphic Rock |
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5 examples of Metamorphic Rock |
Gneiss Schist Quartzite Slate Marble |
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Study of Rock |
Petrology |
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8 most abundant element in earth crust |
Oxygen (O) 46.6% Silicon (Si) 27.7% Aluminum (Al) 8.13% Iron (Fe) 5.0% Magnesium (Mg) 2.09% Calcium (Ca) 3.63% Sodium (Na) 2.83% Potassium (K) 8.13% |
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Concepts of Soil Formation S=f (cl, o, r, p, t) (Dokuchaev & Jenny |
S - soil F - represent each factor Cl - climate O- organic R - relief or Topography P - parent material T - time A - anthrosols |
