International Relations - Exam #2

Front 1

process by which wealthy states take resources from poor states

Back 1

resource extraction

Front 2

the monopoly of military power in the global north

Back 2

armed force monopoly

Front 3

what does "weak state trap," "resource extraction," "armed force monopoly," and "sense of identity" have in common?

Back 3

these terms all refer to the current state structure of the world that is divided by the global north and the global south, in which the global south is made up of primarily weaker and poorer states

Front 4

fairly new phenomenon, unconventional violence designed to influence public attitudes about political legitimation and inequality

Back 4

terrorism

Front 5

cycles of terrorism that involved its birth, growth, and death periods.

Back 5

terrorism waves

Front 6

usually part of a larger campaign by organized groups to achieve a specific political goal and usually used against democratic targets and focused on encouraging withdrawal of military forces from homeland

Back 6

suicide bombing

Front 7

a trinity consisting of state, army, and people

Back 7

trinitarian warfare

Front 8

what do the terms "terrorism," "terrorism waves," "suicide bombing," and "the erosion of trinitarian warfare" have in common?

Back 8

these terms all refer to modern warfare that is gradually shifting from total warfare, into more terrorist-style tactics

Front 9

strategy designed to dissuade an adversary from doing what it would otherwise do

Back 9

deterrence

Front 10

a threat of force aimed at making an adversary grant concessions against its will

Back 10

compellence

Front 11

the seventeenth-century theory preaching that trading states should increase their wealth and power by expanding exports and protecting their domestic economy from imports

Back 11

mercantilism

Front 12

theory that presumes humans natural tendency to cooperate in order to increase prosperity and enlarge individual liberty, and promotes free trade and removing trade restrictions

Back 12

commercial liberalism

Front 13

term used to describe policies which emphasize domestic control of the economy and labor/capital formation

Back 13

economic nationalism

Front 14

what are two examples of what could be seen as "economic nationalist" policies?

Back 14

import substitution
protectionism

Front 15

a view of development asserting that the leading capitalist states dominate and exploit the lower countries on the periphery of the world economy

Back 15

dependency theory

Front 16

what do the terms "mercantilism" "liberalism" "economic nationalism" and "dependency" have in common?

Back 16

these terms refer to ideas surrounding modern structure of international trade and monetary relations

Front 17

idea that each state acts in self interest to form coalitions against threats to peace

Back 17

balance of power

Front 18

idea that each state shares responsibility for all states security, and that joint action must be taken to deter or punish violations of the peace

Back 18

collective security

Front 19

process that works to ensure international security that works best when there is support of all relevant actors, interstate conflicts, thin flat populated border areas, and those intervening are perceived as neutral

Back 19

peacekeeping

Front 20

process that uses international law to take action against a violator of peace with principles such as the pacta sunt servanda and rebus sic stantibus

Back 20

peacemaking

Front 21

what do the terms "balance of power" "peace keeping" "collective security" and "peace making" have in common?

Back 21

these terms refer to the ways that international law is protected and put into action at a global level.

Front 22

processes involving creating and serving international law through obligation, precision, and delegation

Back 22

legalization

Front 23

principle that says a country can not inviolate an obligation once it was has greed to it

Back 23

pacta sunt servanda

Front 24

principle that says obligations need not be honored if conditions change

Back 24

rebus sic stantibus

Front 25

international lawmaking/enforcing body

Back 25

ICJ/World Court

Front 26

what do the terms "legalization" "rebus sic stantibus" "pacta sunt servanda" and "ICJ/World Court" have in common?

Back 26

these all refer to terms that involve creating and enforcing international law. they also are terms that make international law "squishy"

Front 27

this occurs when civilians are dragged into warfare, and all aspects of a country's functioning is affected

Back 27

total warfare

Front 28

conflict in which the belligerents participating in the war do not expend all of each of the participants available resources at their disposal

Back 28

limited war

Front 29

the ability for a country to enter into warfare

Back 29

state capacity

Front 30

what do the terms "total wars" "limited wars" state capacity" and "subject to citizen transformation" have in common?

Back 30

these terms all refer to a states ability and willingness to enter into a war, as well it how may or may not affect their states citizens and resources

Front 31

is it likely that attempts to strengthen a state are successful? (weak state trap)

Back 31

no

Front 32

rightness of a state to exist/function

Back 32

legitimacy

Front 33

what are some criteria for functioning state

Back 33

1. capability to extract internal resources from population - ex. taxation, labor supply

2. monopoly of use of armed force within state boundaries

3. some sense of "we-ness" or national pride/identity

Front 34

how has interstate war changed over time?

Back 34

it is a vanishing breed, increasingly rare

Front 35

in terms of responding to state legitimacy, what does the term "hunkering down" refer to?

Back 35

toughing it out and ultimately making no changes - this faces such risks such as corruption, increased popular resentment, and civil war

Front 36

which tactics are preferred by autocracies: democratization or hunkering down?

Back 36

hunkering down

Front 37

what are some of the aims of terrorists?

Back 37

1. weaken conventions of bolstering status quo

2. polarize society

3. facilitate development of new type of political system

Front 38

how have terrorism waves changed over the recent past?

Back 38

they have become more frequent and each wave is replaced by a new wave

Front 39

who is terrorism usually carried out by?

Back 39

those without political or military power

Front 40

are suicide bombings usually a last resort?

Back 40

yes

Front 41

which is more frequent - organizational or individual suicide bombing?

Back 41

individual

Front 42

true or false: the number of nuclear warheads in the world has gone down since 1999

Back 42

true

Front 43

what makes international law difficult to enforce?

Back 43

1. no central law making body
2. no courts with compulsory jurisdiction
3. no police

Front 44

what are two sources of international law?

Back 44

1. custom (practices accepted over time)

2. treaties (formal written agreements between states with obligations)