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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Characteristics of New Imperialism |
- Focused on Asia and Africa - Attempt to prevent warfare (Treaty of Berlin) - European powers were not the only ones colonizing |
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Causes of the Scramble for Africa |
- Strategic Britain needed trade route to/from India (Suez Canal, established power in Egypt which triggered scramble) - Medical & Exploration French treatment of Malaria (no Dark Continent) - Explorers financed - Weaponry Advantage over African inhabitants - Politics European borders set, land+economy had to be increased overseas - Abolition of Slave Trade European businesses need to seek profits elsewhere - Industrial Revolution Increase in need for raw materials & railroads made travel quicker - Sense of Duty European superiority |
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3 C's of European Imperialism |
Commerce, Christianity, and Civilization |
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White Man's Burden |
Poem by Kipling, colonizing benefits the subjugated people |
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Fashoda Incident |
People: France vs Britain Where: Fashoda, Sudan Outcome: Sudan to Britain, Morocco to France |
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Purpose of the Treaty of Berlin |
Risk of conflict birthed the Berlin conference where the Treaty of Berlin was signed to protect 'spheres of influence' and risk major war. |
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Telegram sent from Kaiser Wilhelm to Paul Kruger |
Telegram sent to Kruger (pres. of South African Republic) from Kaiser congratulating him on repelling (British) Jameson Raid. Resulted in deterioration of Anglo-German relationship. |
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Monroe Doctrine |
USA would not tolerate any further European attempts to colonize the Americas. |
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Reasons the USA began considering influence overseas |
- Country's growth needed outlet - Josiah Strong's words inspired missionaries - 'Influence of Sea Power Upon History' argued for stronger naval power - Big Sister Policy (Blaine) aimed to rally Latin American Nations behind US |
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Significance of the Venezuelan Squall |
- Fight over land w/ gold, Britain almost "violates" Monroe Doctrine - After the USA threatens war, Britain backs down - Leads to Great Rapprochement |
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Great Rapprochement |
Reconciliation between the USA and Britain |
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Reasons for American Interest in Hawaii |
- Naval-base rights at Pearl Harbor - McKinley Tariff lowered profits from sugar plantations (leading to interest in annexation)
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Spanish-American War |
- Maine Explosion & Yellow Journalism - Letter from Spanish Minister degrades McKinley - American people wanted war - Teller amendment - Spanish fleet destroyed at Manila by George Dewey and he captured Manila - Caused annexation of Hawaii
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Reason for the Annexation of Hawaii |
After Dewey's victory in Philippines, Hawaii was "needed" as supply base so Congress annexed Hawaii |
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Teller Amendment |
When the USA defeated Spain it would grant the Cubans their freedom under a few conditions |
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Rough Riders |
Organized by Theodore Roosevelt, they were a regiment of volunteers who fought as a part of the invading army during the invasion of Cuba |
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Terms of the Platt Amendment |
Forced Cubans to write constitution allowing US military intervention if necessary and that Cubans would sell or lease coaling or naval stations to USA |
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Roosevelt Corollary |
(Addition to the Monroe Doctrine) Says that the US would intervene if any Caribbean state was threatened by any internal or external powers |
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Panama Canal |
- Started by France, taken over by USA - Passage without going around the dangerous Cape of South America |
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Gentleman's Agreement |
Roosevelt did not want to anger Japan so they formed a gentleman's agreement that Japan would restrict immigration to the USA |
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Great White Fleet |
Fleet that (to increase American prestige) circumnavigated the Globe under orders of Roosevelt |
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Moral Diplomacy |
Woodrow Wilson, support is only given to "moral" countries |
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Dollar Diplomacy |
William Howard Taft, to increase influence in other countries by providing loans |
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Big Stick Diplomacy |
President Theodore Roosevelt, negotiate peacefully but also be capable of threatening |
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Open Door Policy |
Opened China to all foreign trade |
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Reasons for the USA's entry into WWI |
- Continued German U-boat warfare - Possible preference for the Allies - Possibly had more money invested in Allied cause - Possible moral obligation |
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Primary reason Japan underwent rapid modernization after 1871 |
To retain independence because European powers had overrun China and Japan wanted to remain its own country and to compete with the world powers |
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Reasons for Japan's Interest in China |
to gain land and resources because Japan was an island |
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Reasons Japan and Russia went to war in 1904 |
- Russia refused to recognize Japanese territories in Korea and Manchuria - Japan wanted more raw materials |
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Japan's Role in WWI |
- regained more influence in China and increased navy |
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Bismarck's main goals in establishing his series of European alliances |
- wanted to maintain German hedgemony - isolate France to avoid two front war |
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The underlying weakness of the Dreikaiserbund |
Rivalry between Austria and Russia over Balkan Peninsula |
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The purpose of the Dual Alliance |
- Germany could not have friendly relations with Austria and Russia - Avoid antagonizing Britain - Gain a controllable but strong military ally for Germany |
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Reason for establishment of the Second Dreikaiserbund |
Germany (after signing the Dual Alliance with Russia) still wanted to have a friendly relationship with Russia |
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Members of the Triple Alliance |
Germany, Austria/Hungary, Italy |
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Reason for France's resentment toward Germany |
Germany defeated France and took Alsace and Lorraine which were lands rich in coal |
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Reason for hostility between Austria-Hungary and Russia |
Russia was diplomatically humiliated because they were forced to give up Bulgaria and sign the Treaty of Berlin at the Congress of Berlin |
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Reasons that the Balkan Peninsula was important to Russia |
Economic and cultural - warm water port |
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Reasons Britain ended its 'splendid isolation |
- diplomatically isolated - no longer had respect in politics |
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Members of the Entente Cordiale |
France and Russia |
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Reasons Kaiser Wilhelm was angry about existence of the Entente Cordiale |
- shut Germany out of Morocco - showed Britain would side with France |
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First Moroccan Crisis |
- France vs Germany - France had claimed Morocco - Algeciras ruled that Morocco was an independent country but France maintained many special privileges - Ill feeling between France and Germany |
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Second Moroccan Crisis |
- France wanted complete control of Morocco - Germany sends gunboat to Agadir and Britain backed up France - Germany gave in, France gained most Morocco and Germany got a strip of French Congo
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