Integumentary System

Front 1

The external covering of an animal

Back 1

Integument

Front 2

Major component of the integument

Back 2

Skin

Front 3

Accessory parts of the integument

Back 3

Hair

Nails

Glands

Front 4

This animal has a Simple epidermal layer composed of flat, plate-like cells

Back 4

Porifera

Front 5

Three cells of porifera

Back 5

•Pinacocytes

•Amoebocytes

•Choanocytes

Front 6

This animal has simple, single layer epidermis in which many of the cells have been specialized into cnidocytes containing nematocysts.

Back 6

Cnidaria

Front 7

Other cnidarians has a gland that secretes ______________

Back 7

Calcium carbonate shell

Front 8

The epidermis of this animal is wholly or partially ciliated, syncytial or cellular epithelium, with gland cells and sensory nerve endings.

Back 8

Platyhelminthes

Front 9

Flukes and tapeworms have this part which functions for nutrient digestion and protection against host's enzymes.

Back 9

Tegument

Front 10

These animals have an epidermis that is one cell thick and secretes cuticle and has many layers

Back 10

Annelids

Nematodes

Front 11

The epidermis of this animal is covered by calcareous shell produced by the mantle.

Back 11

Molluscs

Front 12

The epidermis of this animal is covered by chitinous exoskeleton. Also possess cuticle.

Back 12

Arthropods

Front 13

Shedding of the old, outgrown cuticle

Back 13

Molting/ecdysis

Front 14

The body of this animal is covered by a soft epidermis over a firm skeleton of movable or fixed lime plates provided with spines. May be leathery due to spicules.

Back 14

Echinoderm

Front 15

The vertebrate integument and considered as the largest organ of the body

Back 15

Skin

Front 16

Two main layers of the skin

Back 16

Epidermis

Dermis

Front 17

The skin of this animal are multilayered and contains mucous and sensory cells. The dermis contains bone in the form of placoid scales called denticles.

Back 17

Chondrichthyes

Front 18

Because chondrichthyes epidermis have denticles. The surface of the skin have a __________ texture

Back 18

Sand paper

Front 19

The skin of this animal contain scales made of dermal bone

Back 19

Osteichthyes

Front 20

These can be used to determine the age of the bony fish using the scales.

Back 20

Growth lines

Front 21

The scales of osteichthyes function for _____________

Back 21

Gas exchange

Front 22

The skin of this animal consists of stratified epidermis and dermis with mucuos, serpus glands and pigmentation cells

Back 22

Amphibian

Front 23

The functions of Amphibians' mucus

Back 23

Prevention of dessication

Escape from predator

Gas exchange

Front 24

Within the dermis of amphibians are ___________ , used as predator deterrent

Back 24

Poison Gland

Front 25

The outer layer of the epidermis of this animal is thick, lacks glands, and is modified into keratinized scales, or scutes

Back 25

Reptile

Front 26

The skin of this animal has no epidermal glands and are covered by feathers

Back 26

Bird

Front 27

•most superficial layer of the skin

• stratified squamous KERATINIZED epithelium, new cells produced by mitosis

• undergoes keratinization

• All are dead cells except deepest layers.

• no blood vessels

Back 27

Epidermis

Front 28

Cells of Epidermis

Back 28

Keratinocytes - 90%

Melanocytes - 8%

Langerhan's cells- protect as foreign cells

Merkel's cells -touch reception

Front 29

Layer of the epidermis (from superficial to deep)

Back 29

Stratum corneum

Stratum lucidum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum spinosum

Stratum germinativum

Front 30

"horned layer" and outermost layer of the epidermis

Back 30

Stratum corneum

Front 31

Shedding of skin cells

Back 31

Desquamation

Front 32

Desquamation happens here

Back 32

Stratum corneum

Front 33

•Latin for "clear layer"

•contains translucent substance called eleidin

Back 33

Stratum Lucidum

Front 34

Where can Stratum Lucidum be found?

Back 34

Lips

Soles

Palms

Front 35

Granular layer due to presence of keratohyaline granules

Back 35

Stratum granolosum

Front 36

•The "spinous" or "prickle-cell layer"

•Scattered Langerhan cells that are most abundant here

Back 36

Stratum spinosum

Front 37

•deepest layer of the epidermis

•consists of cuboidal or columnar cells

•undergoes mitosis

•made of basal keratinocyte cells

• keratinization begins here

• types of cells are found here (melanocytes, merkel, etc.)

Back 37

Stratum germinativum (basale)

Front 38

•known as true skin

•composed of dense collagenous connective tissue

•10-20 times thicker than epidermis

Back 38

Dermis

Front 39

Responsible for the structural strength of the dermis

Back 39

Collagen and elastic fibers

Front 40

Region in which dermal papillae forms

Back 40

Papillary region

Front 41

Touch receptors in the papillary region

Back 41

Meissner's corpuscles

Front 42

The papillary region is made of this tissue

Back 42

Areolar connective tissue

Front 43

Dense concentration of collagen, elastic, and reticular fibers

Back 43

Reticular region

Front 44

Reticular region is composed of

Back 44

Dense collagenous irregular connective tissue

Front 45

•Not part of the skin, lies below the dermis

•serves to attach muscle skin to bone and muscle

•consists of loose connective tissue

Back 45

Hypodermis

Front 46

Type of skin that is thin and hairy, covers great part of the body

Back 46

Hirsute skin

Front 47

Thick, hairless skin forming surfaces of palms, soles

Back 47

Glabrous skin

Front 48

•responsible for color of eyes, skin, and hair

•guards skin against UV rays

Back 48

Melanin

Front 49

This is the cell that produces melanin

Back 49

Melanocytes

Front 50

filamentous keratinized structures present over most of the body surface

Back 50

Hair

Front 51

the visible but dead portion of hair projecting above the surface of the skin

Back 51

Hair shaft

Front 52

below the skin surface;enclosed in the follicle

Back 52

Hair root

Front 53

rests on the dermal papilla; the growth zone where the hair is produced; contains melanocytes that gives color to the hair

Back 53

Hair bulb

Front 54

an epidermal invagination containing a hair which may extend deeply into the hypodermis or more superficial within the dermis

Back 54

Hair follicle

Front 55

Primary function of hair

Back 55

Protection

Front 56

Muscle attached to hair follicles

Back 56

Arrector pili muscle

Front 57

•simple, branched acinar glands

•most are connected by aduct to the superficial part of a hair follicle

•found all over the skin, except palms and soles

•produce sebum, an oily, white substance rich in lipids.

Back 57

Sebaceous glands

Front 58

•simple, coiled, tubular glands

•located in almost every part of the skin but most numerous in the palms and soles, forehead and back.

•have ducts that open onto thesurface of the skin through sweat pores

Back 58

Merocrine (eccrine) sweat glands

Front 59

•simple, coiled, tubular glands that produce a thick secretion rich in organic substances

•open into hair follicles, but only in the armpits and genitalia

•cause of bad odor

Back 59

Apocrine sweat glands

Front 60

•a thin, plate, consisting of layers of dead stratus corneum cells that contain a very hard type of keratin

•found on the dorsum of each fingers and toes

Back 60

Nail

Front 61

Site of nail growth

Back 61

Nail matrix

Front 62

small part of the nail matrix that can be seen through as a whitish,crescent-shaped (half-moon)area at the base of the nail.

Back 62

Lunula

Front 63

Functions of integumentary system

Back 63

Protection

Sensation

Vitamin D production

Temperature regulation

Excretion