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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 or 5 layers that make up the epidermis?
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Stratum basale, spinosum, granulosum, lucidum, and corneum
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How thick is the epidermis?
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30-50 cell layers thick
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What is the protein that all but the deepest layers of the epidermis contain and what does it do?
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Keratin, toughens and makes the skin water resistant
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What causes dandruff?
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A yeast that belong to the enera of pityrosporum or malassezia.
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What type of cells does the stratum basale contain?
Explain what happens as the cells undergo mitosis |
Mitotically active cells
As multiplying cells are pushed upwards they lose nutrient and oxygen from the underlying dermal blood vessels and die. |
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Specifically, what 3 types of cells are in the stratum basale? describe each
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Keratinocytes, most abundant, synthesize protein keratin; melanocytes, produce melanin, long branching processes and scattered among the basal cells (could help sheild DNA of skin cells from harmful UV radiation; and tactile (Merkel) cells, few in number and aresensitive to touch
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What forms the Stratum Spinosum?
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Several layers of many-sided keratinocytes.
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What happens to the cells in the stratum spinosum?
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They start dying off, but sometimes the deepest cells continue their mitotic activity.
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What is the Stratum germanitivum?
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The stratum basale and spinosum because both are mitotically active
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What type of cell is found in the Stratum spinosum?
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Phagocytic cells (they help stimulate the immune system. 4th cell type.
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What does the stratum granulosum consist of?
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3-5 layers of keratinocytes containing dark staining granules.
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What happens in the stratum granulosum?
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The Keratinocytes begin to die, their nucleus and cellular organelles disintegrate, and the cells fill up with the protein keratin.
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What is a thin, clear region of skin that is 2-3 layers of flat dead cells?
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Stratum Lucidum
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What is special about the stratum lucidum?
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It is only found in the thickened skin of the soles of feet, palm of hands, and the lips
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What layer of skin is 20-30 layers of flattened, dead, scale-like cells which contain large amounts of keratin and which are continually shed as flake-like residues of cells?
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The Stratum corneum.
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What is the term for the process of keratinizing and hardening the skin cells?
Which level is |
Cornification
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What 2 features of the sin prevents the growth of dangerous microorganisms?
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The dry stratum corneum and the associated inhibitory skin secretions.
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How is a callus created?
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Created when friction at the skin surface stimulates additional mitotic activity of the stratum basale, resulting in thicker skin in that localized area.
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How deep does a tattoo need to be?
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Injected dyes be inserted deep to the stratum basale.
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What is transdermal administration?
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Drugs that may be administered through the skin. They are soluble either in oils or lipid-soluble carriers.. Transdermal patches are especially useful because they release a continual, slow amoint of the drug over a relatively long period of tiem.
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Name the difference between thick vs. thin skin
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Thick: found on the lips, palms of the hands, the soles of the feet, and the corresponding fingers and toes. all 5 strata present. CONTAINS SWEAT GLANDS, BUT NO HAIR FOLLICLES OR SEBACEOUS GLANDS
Thin: covers most of the body, 4 layers only CONTAINS SWEAT GLANDS, ALSO HAIR FOLLICLES AND SEBACEOUS (OIL) GLANDS |
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What does thick skin have?
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Only sweat glands
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What does thin skin have?
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sweat glands, hair follicles and sebaceous (oil) glands
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