Integumentary System

Front 1

Skin Physiology

Back 1

Study of the skin's funtions

Front 2

Skin Histology

Back 2

Microscopic study of the skin's tissues

Front 3

Integumentary system

Back 3

Made up of the skin and it's layers

Front 4

Dermatology

Back 4

Study of the skin, it's structure, functions, diseases, and treatments

Front 5

Dermatologist

Back 5

Physician who speacializes in diagnosing and treating diseases of the skin, hair, and nails

Front 6

6 functions of the skin

Back 6

Protection, secretion, regulation, absorbtion, excretion, sensation

Front 7

Keratin

Back 7

Major protein substance that contains several chemcial elements such as carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfer

Front 8

What is made of hard keratin

Back 8

Fingernails and hair

Front 9

What is made of soft keratin

Back 9

Skin

Front 10

3 main layers of skin

Back 10

Epidermis, dermis, subcutaneous

Front 11

How many layers are in the epidermis

Back 11

5

Front 12

Are there blood vessels in the epidermis

Back 12

No

Front 13

What is the epidermis primarily composed of

Back 13

Keratinocytes

Front 14

What other type of cells make up the epidermis

Back 14

Epithelial

Front 15

Epithelial cells

Back 15

Cover and protect inside of body

Front 16

What are the 5 layers of the epidermis

Back 16

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum germinativum

Front 17

Toughest layer of the epidermis

Back 17

Stratum corneum

Front 18

What is composed of keratinocytes that continually shed and renew

Back 18

Stratum corneum

Front 19

Which layer protects all lower layers

Back 19

Stratum corneum

Front 20

Keratinization

Back 20

Chemical conversion of living cells into dead protein cells

Front 21

Desmosomes

Back 21

Intercellular connections that tightly interconnect the keratinocytes- creates water proof ability

Front 22

Squamous cells

Back 22

Within corneum protect lower layers

Front 23

Which layer is thickest on palms and soles of feet

Back 23

Stratum lucidum

Front 24

Transparent layer between corneum and granulosum

Back 24

Stratum lucidum

Front 25

Forms epidermal ridges or whorls

Back 25

Stratum lucidum

Front 26

Which layers have cells that are more regularly shaped and look like tiny granules

Back 26

Stratum granulosum

Front 27

Which substance that forms keratin is found in granulosum layer

Back 27

Keratohyalin

Front 28

In the top 3 superficial layers are the cells living or dead

Back 28

Dead

Front 29

Which layer does the primary function of protection begin

Back 29

Stratum granulosum

Front 30

In spinosum what shape do the desmosomes make and how many layers

Back 30

Spines; 8-10

Front 31

Which layer contains Langerhans cells

Back 31

Stratum spinosum

Front 32

Langerhans cells

Back 32

Helps protect body from infection by seeking antigens

Front 33

T-cells are in which layer and do what

Back 33

Stratum spinosum; recognize antigens displayed on langerhans to assist in destroying

Front 34

Another name for stratum germinativum

Back 34

Basal layer

Front 35

Which layer contains basal cells that continually do mitosis

Back 35

Stratum germinativum

Front 36

How many layers in germinativum

Back 36

5-10

Front 37

In germinativum what attaches to the dermis to form basement membrane

Back 37

Hemidesmosomes

Front 38

In germinativum basal cells become what

Back 38

Keratinocytes

Front 39

In germinativum what are merkel cells

Back 39

Touch/sensory cells only found in thick skin

Front 40

What gives skin it's color and is not present in palms or soles of feet

Back 40

Melanocytes

Front 41

In germinativum what are melanosomes

Back 41

Intracellular vesicles which maintain melanin produced by melanocytes

Front 42

Components of dermis

Back 42

Fibroblast cells, elastin, collagen

Front 43

Fibroblast cells

Back 43

Responsible for formation of fibers, aid in production of collagen and elastin

Front 44

Elastin

Back 44

Fibrous protein substance that forms elastic tissue

Front 45

Collagen

Back 45

Strong protein substance that strengthens and gives structure to skin

Front 46

Mast cells

Back 46

Respond to allergies by releasing histamines

Front 47

What are the layers of the dermis

Back 47

Papillary and reticular

Front 48

Primary papillary receptors

Back 48

Pain, thermocepters, mechanoreceptors, tactile

Front 49

Pain receptors

Back 49

Free nerve endings not associated with cells

Front 50

Thermoceptors

Back 50

Free nerve ending located in dermis; more cold than heat receptors

Front 51

Mechanoreceptors

Back 51

Sense stretching, compressing, or twisting of skin

Front 52

Tactile receptors

Back 52

Sense gentle touch, pressure, or vibrations

Front 53

Papillary sensation receptors

Back 53

Meissner's corpuscles, Ruffini's corpuscles, pacinian corpuscles, Krause's end bulbs

Front 54

Meissner's corpuscles

Back 54

Light pressure and cold receptors

Front 55

Ruffini's corpuscles

Back 55

Long term pressure and heat receptors

Front 56

Pacinian corpuscles

Back 56

Deep pressure and pain receptors

Front 57

Krause's end bulbs

Back 57

Pressure and pain receptors

Front 58

Lowest layer of dermis

Back 58

Reticular dermis

Front 59

What fibers does reticular dermis contain

Back 59

Collagen and elastin fibers

Front 60

What produces sweat and is controlled by body's nervous system

Back 60

Sudoriferous glands

Front 61

What is sweat composed of

Back 61

Water, urea, electrolytes, lactic acid

Front 62

What are the two types of sweat glands

Back 62

Apocrine and eccrine

Front 63

General description of apocrine glands

Back 63

Located under arms, gentials, and nipples; odorless until they attack bacteria; triggered by emotions; associated with hair follicle

Front 64

General description of eccrine glands

Back 64

Located throughout entire body, most abundant on forehead/palms/soles; influenced by sympathetic nervous system; responsible for lowering body temp

Front 65

Endocrine glands

Back 65

Ductless; release secretion (horomones) into blood

Front 66

Exocrine glands

Back 66

Release secretions into ducts which then deposit onto surface skin

Front 67

Which gland continually produces sebum

Back 67

Sebaceous

Front 68

Where is the sebaceous gland located

Back 68

All over surface of body except palms and soles; upper third of hair follicle

Front 69

What is sebum influenced by

Back 69

Androgen

Front 70

Acid mantle

Back 70

Layer of oil and moisture formed when sebum mixes with secretions of glands

Front 71

Arrector pili

Back 71

Muscle connected to each hair follicle

Front 72

What acts as the body's cushioning that is a shock absorber

Back 72

Subcutaneous layer

Front 73

What are the 5 types of tissues found in the skin

Back 73

Epithelial, connective, muscular, nerve, and liquid

Front 74

4 examples of connective tissue

Back 74

Collagen/elastin, ligaments, tendons, cartilage