• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/44

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

44 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Aloe Vera

Aloe Vera is the plant species of the genus Aloe.


Aloe Vera is commonly used in cosmetics for its soothing, moisturizing, and healing properties.

Ammonium Laureth Sulfate

Ammonium Laureth Sulfate is a surfactant found primarily in shapoos and body washes as a foaming solution.


Can cause irritation to eyes and skin in high concentrations. Inhalation and ingestion can also cause irritation.

Avocado Oil

Avocado oil is an edible oil pressed from the fruit of the Persea Americana.


It is used in cosmetics where it is valued for its regenerative and moisturizing properties. It has very high skin penetration and rapid absorption.

Arbutin

Arbutin is a glycoside extracted from the bear berry plant. It prevents the formation of melanin and is used as a skin-lightening agent.


Claims of this product carrying cancer risks associated with intestinal cancer.

Bearberry

Bearberries have 3 species of dwarf shrub.


They are an edible fruit and their leaves are used in herbal medicine. It is thought to have antioxidant and skin brightening properties.

Benzoyl Peroxide

Benzoyl Peroxide is used as a medicine to treat mild to moderate acne. Also used in hair bleaching and teeth whitening. Can cause irritation, dryness and peeling.

Beta Carotene

Beta Carotene is an organic chemical compound with a red-orange pigment found in plants and fruits.


It is used as an antioxidant in bath products, cleaning products, makeup, shampoo and conditioner.

Caffeine

Caffeine is a heterocyclic organic compound. It is claimed to improve the look of cellulite or puffy eyes, although no research indicates this.


When applied to skin it may have a soothing and antioxidant property, especially when exposed to UV light. It is also thought to be a skin conditioning agent.

Cetearyl Olivate

Cetearyl Olivate is composed of cetearyl alcohol and fatty acids derived from olive oil. It helps to soften the skin and hair and gives products smooth feel.


It is used in moisturizers, conditioners, anti aging treatments, sunscreen, lip gloss and cleaners.

Citric Acid

Citric acid is an alpha hydroxy acid used in personal care products to adjust the acidity or promote skin peeling and re-growth in the case of anti-aging products.

It is used as a chelating agent, ph adjuster and fragrance ingredient.

Coffee Berry

Coffee Berry oil is from the coffee bean plant, which is green, not dark brown as this color doesn't occur until coffee beans are roasted.


Tests have shown topical application can help restore skin and contribute to a healthier, smoother look and feel. This non-fragrant plant oil also appears to stimulate pathways in skin that lead to greater moisture retention.

Comfrey Root

Comfrey Root extract from a perennial herb that studies show can have harmful properties when taken orally.


Topical application of comfrey has skin-soothing properties, recommended only for short-term use making comfrey an ingredient to avoid. The alkaloid content means it has the potential to aggravate skin.

Cucumber

Cucumber is a non-sensitizing plant extract. Most cucumbers are composed of 95% water, and the other constituents primarily include asvitamin C, antioxidants, fatty acids and other trace minerals. Due to its antioxidant activity, cucumber is helpful in anti-aging products. It's fragrant components are not sensitizing to skin so it is used to enhance the natural scent of a cosmetic product.

Eucalyptus

Eucalyptus is a fragrant plant oil whose ingredients are found in the leaves and oil obtained from them. The oil has benefits for skin, but is also a potent skin sensitizer due to its chemical components. Low amounts of eucalyptus oil do not pose a risk of sensitivity in the general population, but its fragrance components are known sensitizers.

Glycerin

Glycerin (also called glycerol) is a naturally occurring alcohol compound and component of many lipids. Glycerin may be of animal or vegetable origin.

It is used as a humectant which has skin-replenishing and restoring properties. When used alone it can dry the skin but using it in a mixture will moisturizer it.

Glycolic Acid

Gylcolic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid; used in chemical peels and anti-aging skin products. It can irritate skin.

It may reduce wrinkles, acne scarring, hyperpigmentation and improve many other skin conditions, including actinic keratosis, hyperkeratosis, and seborrheic keratosis.

Grape Seed

Grape seed oil is made by being pressed from the seeds of grapes.


It contains very potent antioxidants that help to diminish environmental damage. It has also been shown to have soothing properties.

Green Tea Polphenols

A green tea extract is a herbal derivative of green tea leaves.


The polyphenols (organic chemicals) in green tea possess potent antioxidant and skin-soothing properties and show significant promise for improving the appearance of sun damaged sin.

Hyaluronic Acid

Hyaluronic Acid is a natural polysaccharide found in connective tissues such as cartilage.

It is used in dermal fillers.


It can also enhance and replenish moisture content and revitalize skin’s outer layers making it softer and smoother.



Hydroquinone

Hydroquinone is an aromatic organic compound.

It is used as an antioxidant, fragrance ingredient, hair colorant and skin bleaching agent. Used mostly on hyperpigmentation and uneven skin tone.

Idebenone/Co Q-10

CoQ10 is a vitamin-like, fat-soluble substance naturally present in the body. A handful of studies have shown that coenzyme Q10 may help improve the appearance of signs of aging.

Research shows that environmental factors deplete the presence of CoQ10 in the skin and suggests that topical application has antioxidant and skin-soothing effects.

Kojic Acid

Kojic Acid is a by-product of the fermentation process of malting rice for use in Japanese rice wine.


Studies have shown that kojic acid is effective for brightening an uneven skin tone.

L-ascorbic Acid

Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) is a naturally occurring antioxidant.


It is a potent skin-soothing agent that can improve the appearance of signs of aging.

Lactic Acid

Lactic acid is an alpha hydroxy acid that is naturally produced in the process of bacterial fermentation, for example milk fermentation. Lactic acid is frequently used as an exfoliant and in anti-wrinkle products.


Lactic acid also has hydrating properties and helps brighten an uneven skin tone.

Lavender

Lavenvender (lavandula) is a genus of 39 known species of flowering plants in the mint family, Lamiaceae.

It is primarily used as a fragrance ingredient, it may have beneficial properties for skin but is also a potential sensitizer. The oil form is more likely to aggravate skin than the extract form, especially if you can detect lavender’s distinctive scent.

Lemongrass

Cymbopogon (lemongrass) is a genus of Asian, African, Australian, and tropical island plants in the grass family.

Also known as Oil of Verbena. As a volatile fragrant oil, it contains compounds (including limonene and citral) that can cause sensitivity when applied to skin.

Licorice Root

Licorice root is a plant extract that has skin-soothing properties. It may be effective in improving the look of an uneven skin tone. One of its components is a potent antioxidant and skin-soothing ingredient, which is why licorice often shows up in products meant for sensitive, reddened skin.

Malic Acid

Malic acid is a naturally occurring organic acid that is present in many sour or acidic food and formed during metabolism in plants and animals. It is an AHA ingredient derived from unripe fruit that also occurs naturally in the human body. It is used in cosmetics to adjust a product's pH.

Mandelic Acid

Mandelic Acid is an alpha hydroxy acid, also known as amygdalic acid. There’s limited research showing this to be an effective alternative to other AHAs.

Unlike glycolic acid, mandelic acid is light-sensitive and must be packaged in an opaque container to remain effective.

Matrixyl

Matrixyl is a synthetic peptide that's part of Matrixyl 3000, which contains palmitoyl oligopeptide and is believed to work as a skin-restoring ingredient with anti-aging benefits.


It is composed of 4 amino acids, fatty acid and palmitic acid to enhance stability and penetration into skin. Matrixyl 3000, helps to replenish skin's surface and calm visible signs of sensitization.

Meadowsweet

Meadowsweet is a perennial herb and grows in meadows, at the edges of ponds, on riverbanks and in damp woodlands.

Meadowsweet is a perfect ingredient for a skin-firming cream as it's tightening, toning, and astringent.



Plankton Extract

Plankton Extract is a marine species derived from various algae, seaweed, or marine skeletons.

There is no research showing plankton extract has any benefit for skin but, like most forms of algae, it can have moisture-binding properties.

Resorcinol

Resorcinol is a common ingredient in hair color, bleaching and brightening products.

It is a skin irritant that is toxic to the immune system and a frequent cause of hair dye allergy. there are no regulations limiting amounts of resorcinol in personal care products.

Retinal/Retinol

Retinal is the name for the entire vitamin A molecule.

It’s a skin-restoring, wrinkle-smoothing, firming ingredient and an antioxidant, allowing it to improve a variety of skin concerns, most related to visible signs of aging.

Rosemary

Rosemaary extract can have antioxidant benefit for skin, but its aromatic components can cause sensitivity. In most skincare products the amount of rosemary extract is unlikely to be more of a risk than oil because the extract usually doesn’t contain much, if any, of rosemary oil’s fragrance components.

Salicylic Acid

Salicylic Acid is a BHA, this multifunctional ingredient addresses many of the systemic causes of acne. Its primary benefit is as an exfoliant, helping shed dead skin.

It has the ability to penetrate into the pore lining and exfoliate inside the pore as well as on the surface of skin, it is especially effective for reducing breakouts.

Shea Butter

Shea butter is a vegetable fat obtained from the fruit of a tree native to Africa. Shea butter is primarily composed of fatty acids such as stearic and oleic acids.

It is used on dry skin for its smoothing properties.

Sorbitan Olivate

Sorbitan olivate is a naturally occurring surfactant based on olive oil and sorbitol.

It is used in a variety of products including skin care products, moisturizers, cleansing products, and eye and facial makeup.

Superoxide Dismutase

Superoxide Dismutase is a mixture of metaloenzymes found in aerobic cells.

This enzyme is considered a potent antioxidant in humans.

Tartaric Acid

Tartaric Acid is an organic acid.

It is used as an exfoliant- see AHA.

Tea Tree

Tea Tree or Melaleuca oil has skin-soothing properties and is also an antioxidant.

As with most fragrant plant oils, tea tree oil contains volatile components that can be sensitizing, particularly if you apply 100% pure tea tree oil.


Pure tea tree is good for breakouts.

Tocopherol Acetate

Tocopheryl acetate is a chemical compound that consists of acetic acid and tocopherol (vitamin E).

It is used as an antioxidant and skin conditioning.

Titanium Dioxide

Titanium Dioxide is a mineral used as a thickening, whitening, lubricating, and sunscreen ingredient in cosmetics.

It protects skin from UVA and UVB radiation and is considered to have no risk of skin sensitivity. It is an excellent sunscreen for use on sensitive, redness-prone skin.

Zinc Oxide

Zinc Oxide is a mineral used as a thickening, lubricating, and sunscreen active ingredient in cosmetics. It is considered to have no risk of skin sensitization. As a sunscreen, it is effective in providing protection against sun’s UVA rays in addition to UVB rays. It is also sometimes used in makeup to impart opacity to products like foundations, particularly powder-based makeup.