Information Dominance Warfare Officer (Idwo) Pqs 112 Space Fundamentals

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Provides planners and space reachback for maritime forces and coordinates with other space operations entities, including space operations officers on strike group staffs, on joint force maritime component commander staffs, or maritime HQ with MOCs.

Back 1

NETWARCOM Maritime Operations Center (NNWC MOC)

Front 2

Participates in Space Cadre development and requirements in coordination with CNO (N6), NNWC, and PEO Space Systems

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Space and Naval Warfare Systems Command Space Field Activity (SSFA)

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Is dedicated to exploiting technologies and developing space related capabilities in support of DoD and other agencies.

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Naval Research Laboratory (NRL)

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A core group of active duty and reserve enlisted, officer, and civilian personnel with specialized space expertise.

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Navy Space Cadre

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The primary USSTRATCOM interface to supported
commanders with a goal to provide unity of command and unity of effort in the unimpeded delivery of joint space capabilities to supported commanders and, when directed, to deny the benefits of space to adversaries.

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JFCC SPACE

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The mission of the JSPOC is to provide CDR JFCC SPACE with agile and responsive C2 capabilities to conduct space operations on a 24/7 basis.

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Joint Space Operations Center (JSPOC)

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Single focal point for space education and training, complementing existing space education programs at Air University, the Naval Postgraduate School and the
Air Force Institute of Technology.

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National Security Space Institute (NSSI)

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What are the five Naval Space goals?

Back 8

1) Mitigate impact of threats and vulnerabilities posed to critical space assets
2) Identify, prioritize, document, and advocate Navy’s requirements in space
3) Posture the Space Cadre to advocate for the Navy and influence national/DOD space decisions
4) Prioritize and fund key Navy space-related S&T R&D efforts
5) Engage with senior DOD/Joint space leadership on Navy issues in space

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What are the three segments associated with space systems?

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Ground: Ground station operations to include telemetry, tracking, and commanding of space nodes
including space launch
Communications (link): The information conduits. Control links command the satellite and its sensors. Mission links describe the operational data transmitted to or from the satellite. Both uplink and downlink.
Space: The spacecraft itself

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Covers up to one third of the Earth's surface (but usually excludes the poles).

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Earth coverage beam

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A satellite signal that is specially concentrated in power (i.e. sent by a high-gain antenna so that it will cover only a limited geographic area on Earth).

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Spot beam

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The communications package, sensors, and equipment which enable the satellite to perform a specific mission.

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Payload

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1. altitude between ~100 and ~1,000 miles
2. one earth orbit = ~100 minutes
3. sensors have best resolution
4. comms to earth use least power
5. rockets require least energy to get to orbit
6. three categories: polar sun-synchronous, polar non–sun-synchronous, inclined nonpolar

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Low Earth Orbit (LEO)

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1. altitude between ~1000 and ~12,000 miles
2. one earth orbit between ~100 minutes and ~ 12 hours
3. longer dwell times over a region and larger coverage area of the earth
4. reduced atmospheric drag to ~0
5. one category: semisynchronous

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Medium Earth Orbit (MEO)

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1. altitude between ~660 and ~24,000 miles
2. one earth orbit varies based on altitude
3. enable long dwell times as large fields of view
4. has an apogee and a perigee
5. excellent for intelligence, surveillance,and reconnaissance (ISR)

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Highly Elliptical Orbit (HEO)

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1. altitude 22,236 miles
2. one earth orbit equal to the earth’s rotational period
3. relatively fixed over a point on the earth’s surface
4. field of view ~⅓ of the earth’s surface
5. altitude and inclination difficult to achieve
6. two categories: geosynchronous, geostationary

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Geosynchronous and Geostationary Orbit

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What are the four primary space mission areas?

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1. Space Control
2. Space Force Enhancement
3. Space Support
4. Space Force Application

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Is used to deny adversary freedom of action in space and is based on negation and offensive prevention measures.

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Offensive Space Control (OSC)

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Defined as those operations conducted to preserve the ability to exploit space capabilities via active and passive actions.

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Defensive Space Control (DSC)