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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the defensive mechanism of a nonspecific passive? |
Mechanical barrier such as skin or mucous membrane that blocks harmful substances into the tissue. |
First in line |
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What are the defensive mechanism of non-specific active? |
Phagocytotosis and inflammation |
Second line of defence |
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What is a specific defensive mechanism? |
Immune system, stimulating the production of unique antibodies or lymphocytes following the exposure to specific substances |
Third in line |
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What are 3 examples of the causes of inflammation? |
Chemicals such as acids etc Foreign bodies like splinter Microorganisms such bacteria, viruses |
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What's the difference between acute inflammation and chronic inflammation? |
Acute is short term process occurring in response to tissue injury Chronic is a prolonged inflammatory response that involve a progressive change in the type of cells present at site of inflammation |
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What happens during vascular response to inflammation? |
Vasodilation: veins are open up, allowing leukocytes to more faster leading to increase of Capillary pearmibility
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Describe the process of inflammation |
1.) injury 2.) cell releases chemical sigmals 3.) vasodilation: increase blood flow 4.) increase capillary permiability 5.) leukocytes move to site of injury 6.) phagocytosis |
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What is phogocytosis? |
It's engulfing of bacteria by phagocytes |
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What are the 2 types of phagocytes and functions? |
Microphages: reacts fast, eats few particles, die soon. Macrophages: reacts slow, eats many particles, lives long |
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What are the local effects of inflammation? |
Redness, heat, swelling, pain, impaired functions |
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State 3 systemetic signs of inflamation |
Malaise, anorexia and headache |
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Predict the physiological changes that occur when the cause of a fever is removed. And how the processes are reversed to lower body temp. |
Fever results the release of pyrogens from white blood cells that goes to the hypothalamus to be reset on a higher level. This causes muscle action such as shivering, vaso constriction, increase heart rate. When fever is removed, body temperature returns to normal by reversing the mechanism. |
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Why is there warmth in acute inflammation? |
Warmth resulted in vasodilation and increased blood flow to the area |
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How does the presence of thick, cloudy, yellowish fluid in the peritoneal cavity differ from the normal state? |
Normal state: clear, watery and colorless. Thick yellowish fluid indicates presence of bacteria infections |
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