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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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-Dimorphic fungus
-Bird or bat droppings -Tennessee-Miss-Ohio River Valley -Yeast cells ingested by macrophages -Granulomas form in the lungs -Can produce hyphae and tuberculated chlamydospores -Granulomas can form in the bone marrow |
Histoplasma capsulatum
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-Dimorphic fungus
-Arthrospores are inhaled --> SPHERULES --> endospores --> dissemination -Cali, Mexico, Arizona -C-F antibody test |
Coccidioides immitis
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-Heavily encapsulated yeast
-Pigeon poop -Inhaled -Meningitis in immunocompromised ppl -India ink prep of CSF or Latex agglutination test |
Cryptococcus neoformans
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-Yeast that is part of normal flora
-Not spread person to person -Disseminated infection in immunocompromisd and IV drug abusers -Satellite lesions -PSUEDOhyphae -Germ tube formation and production of chlamydospores |
Candida albicans
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-Dimorphic organism
-Transmitted by trauma to the skin -ASTEROID BODY in cutaneous infection -Roses -CIGAR SHAPED |
Sporotrichosis
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-Eastern USA (S. Carolina), Africa
-Chronic granulomatous dz, which progresses slowly -SKIN AND LUNGS -Sx’s resemble TB! -BROAD, BUDDING BASE -NO hyphae, NO chlamydospores |
Blastomycosis
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-Causes pneumonia in the immunocompromised!
-SEPTATE HYPHAE (at 45 degree angles) -Green mold on corn |
Aspergillus fumigatus
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-Caused by MUCOR or RHIZOPUS
-NON-septate hyphae -Diabetics, leukemia pts -NOSE and SINUSES -INVASIVE Hyphae invade mucosa and cause NECROSIS and infarction |
Mucormycosis
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-Gram POSITIVE chains that forms resistant SPORES
-“Medusa head” on blood agar -Spores seen when stained on malachite green or carbolfuchsin -Has a POLYPEPTIDE CAPSULE -Cutaneous anthrax- direct contact with spores -Black eschar = papulous ulcer with black center -Inhalation anthrax- inhaling spores from animal hair or wool -Flu-like symptoms -“Wool sorter’s Dz” or pulmonary anthrax |
Bacillus anthracis
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-Curved, Gram NEGATIVE bacilli
-Multiple polar flagella -Requires microaerophilic environment -Produces UREASE -Fecal-oral route -Associated with gastritis, gastric adenocarcinoma, MALT B cell lymphomas |
Helicobacter pylori
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-UTI + stones + high urine pH
-Gram NEGATIVE bacilli, non-spore forming -Produces UREASE -“Swarming effect” of blood agar |
Proteus mirabilis
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-Gram NEGATIVE, kidney bean diplococci with insignificant capsule
-Transmitted in genital tract, birth canal -Oxidase POSITIVE on Thayer-Martin medium -Does NOT ferment maltose |
Neisseria gonrrhoeae
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-Gram NEGATIVE, kidney bean diplocicci with large polysaccharide capsule
-Transmitted bia respiratory droplets -Endotoxin can causes symptoms of septic shock -Oxidase NEGATIVE on chocolate agar -FERMENTS maltose -Can exist in the nasopharynx of health ppl |
Neisseria meningitides
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-Colorless GHOST CELLS on gram stain
-ACID FAST STAIN positive b/c of lipid-rich components of cell wall -Langhans cells -CORD FACTOR- serpentine pattern in broth culture -Slow growing organism |
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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-Motile, curved, Gram NEGATIVE bacilli w/ single polar flagella
-SEVERE WATERY DIARRHEA -Usually NO fever -Shellfish -ENTEROTOXIN causes hypersecretion of water and electrolytes into intestinal lumen |
Vibrio cholerae
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Histoplasma capsulatum
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-Itraconazole
-Amp B (disseminated dz) |
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Coccidioides immitis
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-Amp B
-Fluconazole -Itraconazole |
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Cryptococcus neoformans
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-Fluconazole PO (DOC and secondary prophylaxis
-Amp B + flucytosine (adjunct |
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Candida albicans
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-Oral or topical: Nystatin or azole
-Disseminated: Amp B -CMC: Ketoconazole |
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Blastomycosis
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-Amp B (DOC)
-Itraconazole |
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Mucormycosis
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-Amp B
-Surgical debridment |
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Bacillus anthracis
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-Cipro
-PEN |
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H. pylori
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PPI + Antibiotic + Bismuth
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae
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-Ceftriaxone (high level of resistance)
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Neisseria meningitides
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-PEN
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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RIPE:
-Rifampin -Isoniazid -Pyrazinamide -Ethambutol |
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Vibrio cholerae
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-Fluids
-Doxycycline (maybe) |
