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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomy and defenses of Urinary Tract
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-Urethra, bladder, ureter and kidneys vulnerable to infection. (women more susceptible)
-Defenses: flushing of urine. -Normal microbiota only in entrance of urethra. |
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Anatomy and defenses of male reproductive tract.
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-Penis, urethra, prostate, seminal vesicle, epididymus, ductus deferens all vulnerable to infection.
-Defenses: antimicrobial chemicals in semen. -Normal microbitoa only in opening of urethra. |
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Anatomy and defenses of female reproductive tract
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-Vulva, vagina, cervix, uterus, fallopian tube, and ovaries vulnerable to infection.
-Defenses: mucus, low pH due to lactobacili, IgA. -Normal microbiota on vulva and in vagina. |
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Infections of urogenital tract
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-Cystitis
-Vaginitis/Vaginosis -Fungal Vaginitis -Bacterial Vaginosis -Protozoal Vaginosis -Gonorrhea -Chlamydia -Oral/Genital Herpes -Genital Warts |
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Urethiritis (terminology)
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infection and inflammation of urethra
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Cystitis(terminology)
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Infection and inflammation of bladder
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Pyelonephritis(terminology)
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Infection and inflammation of kidneys
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Dysuria(terminology)
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pain while urinating
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Hematuria(terminology)
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blood in urine
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Vaginitis(terminology)
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Infection and inflammation of vagina
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Vaginosis(terminology)
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infection (without inflammation) of vagina
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Cystitis (the E.Coli one)
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Virulence Factors: adhesins, motility.
Treatment:Antibiotics that target cell wall in gram-, protein synthesis inhibitors. |
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Fungal Vaginitis
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Virulence Factors:none
Treatment: over-the-counter topical antifungal drugs, systemic antifungal drugs. |
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Bacterial Vaginosis
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Virulence Factors: none
Treatment: Antibiotics |
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Protozoal Vaginitis
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Virulence Factors: none
Treatment: drugs to inhibit protozoal protein synthesis |
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Gonorrhea
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Virulence Factors: fimbrial adhesins, antigenic variation, IgA protease, membrane blebs/endotoxin.
Treatment: Antibiotics, resistance becoming problem. |
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Chlamydia: Signs/Symptoms
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Males- urethritis, discharge, dysuria
Females-discharge, dysuria, inflamed cervix. |
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Chlamydia: Pathogenesis
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-Infects macrophages in reproductive tract.
-Prevents phagosome-lysosome fusion. -Triggers cytokine release from macrophages and massive inflammation (indirect damage). |
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Chlamydia
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Virulence Factors: intracellular growth resulting in avoiding immune system and cytokine release.
Sequelae- PID Diagnosis: PCR, ELISA or DFA of urethral/vaginal swab. Transmission: person-person via sex, vertical-neonatal eye infection. Prevention: condoms Treatment: antibiotics |
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Oral/Genital Herpes
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Virulence Factors: latency
Treatment: acyclovir, derivatives. |
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Genital Warts
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Virulence Factors: oncogenes (in malignant types)
Treatment: wart removal, virus not treatable. |
