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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Diaphysis
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Shaft
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Epiphysis
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Proximal and distal ends
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Medullary Cavity
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Marrow Cavity;
1) Center of diaphysis 2) Fat storage- yellow marrow ~gelatinous bone marrow- reddish jelly that replaces yellow marrow in old age |
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Endosteum
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-Thin Layer
-Lines medullary cavity -Reticular connective tissue -Contains osteogenic cells |
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Periosteum
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-Double layer of dense irregular connective tissue
~outer fibrous layer ~inner osteogenic layer -elastic fibers,blood vessels, bone cells -lines outside of bone |
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Sharpey's Fibers
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-Collagenous fibers that penetrate into bone matrix
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Compact Bone
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Outer surface of bone
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Diploe (Spongy Bone)
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-Central regions of flat bone
-Within epiphyses of long bone -Reduces weight of bone -Forms long lines of stress -Contains red marrow |
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Osteon
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Haversian systems
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Haversian Canal
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Contains blood vessels and nerves
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Perforating canal (Volkmann's canals)
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-Perpendicular to Haversian canals
-Connect Haversian canals to outside blood vessels |
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Lamellae
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-Ring of hard calcified intercellular substance
~concentric ~interstitial ~circumferential |
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Lacunae
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Spaces that contain osteocytes
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Canaliculi
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-Connect osteocytes
~Connected by gap junctions |
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Osteogenic Cells
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-Found in cellular layer of Periosteum, Endosteum and Haversian canals
-STEM CELLS-->osteoblasts |
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osteoblast
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-produces bone matrix
-before calcium salts are deposited-osteoid -Promotes deposition of calcium in the matrix -ostoblasts become surrounded by bone and are now called ostecytes -not mitotic |
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osteocytes
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-cannot divide
-Two functions: 1. maintain and monitor protein and mineral content of matrix 2. participate in repair of damaged bone -if released from lacunae can form osteoblasts or osteogenic cells |
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osteoclast
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-In Howship's lacunae
-Multinuclear-up to 50 nuclei -derrive from monocytes -sends out projections toward bone & secretes two substances: proteolytic enzymes-from lysomes & digest; acids-citric & lactic acids-dissolve bone salts |
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Hydroxyapatite
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Bone Crystals
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Calcination
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remove organic material by heat
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Trabeculae
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Thin plates
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