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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what type of effects (general) do corticosteroids have? 2
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anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects
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what do corticosteroids do to PMN migration to site of inflammation
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decrease
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what do corticosteroids do to Circulating monocytes and T cells
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decrease
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what do corticosteroids do to Macrophage activity
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decrease
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what do corticosteroids do to Prostaglandin synthesis
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decrease
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what do corticosteroids do to Expression of adhesion molecules
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decrease
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what do corticosteroids do to T-Lymphocyte activation
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decrease
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what do cytotoxic drugs do?
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suppress the immune response
Suppress autoimmune disease Suppress graft rejection posttransplantation |
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immunosuppressive agents work how?
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inhibit cytokine genes
Suppress autoimmune disease Suppress graft rejection posttransplantation |
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what is IVIG
(this should be review because I caught it as a side note in a previous lecture! yep thats right, I am giving myself a little pat on the back right now) |
intravenous immune globulin
used for someone with low antibody |
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when would you want to have a splenectomy?
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when you are having too much autoimmune response
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what negative modification would a splenectomy have?
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prone to infections
such as strep (gram-positive) get a strep vaccine as a preventative measure |
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what is Plasmapheresis and when would you use it?
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try to dilute toxic substance out of blood
used when you have an autoreactive antibody (such as in myasthenia gravis) |
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what would you use interferons for to treat?
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MS
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Type II interferion (INF gamma) would be used to treat what?
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chronic granuloma disease
because it helps enhance NADPH oxidase which is deficient in killing the organism in granuloma |
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What would you use colony-simulating factors?
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try to restore bone marrow
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What is HLA-B27?
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class 1 MHC (remember ABC for class one, DR DP DQ for class 2)
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What is active immunization
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Person is given immunogenic material to induce immune response
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what is Passive immunization
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Person is given pre-formed antibody
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what is a live attenuated vaccine? Dose size? what is a possible side-effect?
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Organisms must grow and divide
Smaller quantities given (compared with inactivated) Interference from pre-existing antibody Severe reactions possible if immune sufficient |
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What are inactivated vaccines? Dose Size? type of immune response? possible side effects?
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only use part of the virus (the surface protein)
larger doeses usually required humoral immune esponse (B cell) pain, swelling, redness at injection site |
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What are adjuvants?
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A substance that non- specifically enhances the immune response to an antigen
causes activation of co-stimulatory activation of T-cells given with a vaccine to enhance immunization |
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what is co-stimulation?
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other molecules acting to help activate T and B cells
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Temporary contraindications to some or all vaccinations include (4)
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(1) pregnancy
(2) immunosuppression (3) severe illness 4) recent receipt of blood products |
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There are two permanent contraindications to vaccination
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(1) severe allergy to a vaccine component or following a prior dose of a vaccine
(2) encephalopathy without a known cause occurring within 7 days of a dose of pertussis vaccine |
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are inactivated vaccines capable of replicating?
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NO!
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• Cyclosporine affects what aspects of the immune system?
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not cytotoxic, impairs T helper cells, especially impairment of cytokine mRNA
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tacrolimus affects what aspect of the immune system?
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a macrolide antibiotic, more potent and with fewer side effects than cyclosporine.
impairs T helper cells It also inhibits cytokine production. |
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• Mycophenolate mofetil does what? what is it used in?
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purine synthesis inhibitor; used in renal transplantation
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