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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cytokines Important in Inflammation
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IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-8, IL-13. IL-17, TGF-β
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IL-1
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Secreted by monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, endothelial cells, B cells and other cell types (fibroblasts, keratinocytes, chondrocytes)
Plays a major role in the development of an innate immune response Enhances NK cell activity Increases expression of I-CAMS on vascular endothelial cells Chemotactically attracts macrophages and neutrophils Induces synthesis of acute-phase proteins by hepatocytes Induces fever by acting on the hypothalmus ((endogenous pyrogen) |
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IL-6
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Secreted by monocytes, macrophages, T and B cells, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and bone marrow stromal cells
Plays a major role in an innate immune response Induces synthesis of acute phase proteins by hepatocytes Act on hypothalmus to induce fever (endogenous pyrogen) Promotes differentiation of myeloid stem cells Promotes terminal differentiation of proliferating B cells into plasma cells (antibody secreting cells) Stimulates antibody secretion by plasma cells |
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF- α)
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Secreted by monocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, B and T cells and NK cells
Major role in innate response Induces cytokine secretion by inflammatory cell Increases expression of CAMS on vascular endothelial cells Increases expression of ligands on circulating neutrophil Causes smooth muscle contraction Induces production of acute phase proteins (C-reactive protein [CRP] and Mannose Binding Protein [MBP] Cytotoxic effect on tumor cells Contributes to the acute phase immune response |
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IL-8
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- Secreted by monocytes, macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, epithelial cells, keratinocytes, B and T cells
- Role in the Innate immune response: - Acts as a chemokine to promote extravasation - Recruit neutrophils to areas of injury - Induce neutrophil adherence to endothelium - Stimulates angiogenesis |
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IL-13
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- Produced by T cells
- Anti-inflammatory - Enhances B cell activation |
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IL-17
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- Produced by T cells; particularly CD4 T cells in peripheral blood
Role in the Innate Response (Acute and Chronic) - Induces production of IL-6 and IL-8 - Enhances surface expression of ICAM-1 on human fibroblasts - Regulates expression of complement proteins |
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Transforming Growth Factor - β (TGF-β)
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- Secreted by Platelets, macrophages, lymphocytes and mast cells
- Functions: - Stimulate epithelial & mesenchymal cell growth - Downregulates proinflammatory activities (anti-inflam) - Induce class switch to IgA by plasma cells |
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CD3
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pan T cell marker - monomorphic polypeptides complexed with TCR
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CD4
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Glycoprotein marker of T helper cells (Th) that serves as a co-receptor that recognizes MHC class II molecules
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CD8
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glycoprotein marker of cytotoxic T cells (CTL) that serves as a co-receptor that recognizes MHC class I molecules
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CD19
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Pan B cell marker - glycoprotein found exclusively on B cells
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CD56
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NK cell marker
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CD45
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a.k.a. Leukocyte Common Antigen (LCA), a protein tyrosine phosphatase found in various forms on the membranes of all leukocytes.
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