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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Active immunization |
-involves admin of a vaccine to patient so that the patient mounts a primary immune response |
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Passive immunization |
involves transferring performed antibodies to patients to confer temp immunity |
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Attenuated vaccines Inactiveated |
pathogen used in vaccine is still alive but can no longer cause disease |
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Inactivated (killed) vaccines |
pathogen used in vaccine is killed |
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Toxoid vaccines |
chemical modified bacterial toxins, incapable of causing toxic effects |
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Hypersensitivity |
Exaggerated immune response which often injures or inflames tissues, types 1-4 |
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Type 1 hypersensitivity |
-known as anaphylactic reaction or allergy -B cell response |
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Type 2 hypersensitivity |
- cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction -B cell reaction -ex. mismatched blood transfusion |
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Type 3 hypersensitivity |
-immune complex hypersensitivity -B cell reaction |
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Type 4 hypersensitivity |
-cell mediated hypersensitivity -T cell reaction -Ex, poison ivy, contact derm |
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Systemic anaphylaxis |
-overpowering systemic reaction to allergen resulting in acute anaphylaxis or shock |
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Localized anaphylaxis |
localized reaction, usually mild ex. hay fever |
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Histamine |
-causes the effect of allergic response |
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Why cant a person with Type A blood donate to a person with type B blood? |
People with type A blood will recognize type B RBC's as foreign because of the presence of B antigen and will make antibodies to B |
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Why don't we use antihistamines for contact dermatitis? |
-Contact dermatitis is a type 4 hypersensitivity -antihistamines are not effective because it is a T cell response, use corticosteroids instead |
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Autoimmune Diseases |
-immune system produces antibodies and Ct cells against body's own tissues -ex. MS, Chrones, RA |
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Immunodeficiency diseases |
-disease resulting from defective immune mechanisms -primary - seen at birth -secondary - acquired-AIDS |
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Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) |
-serve as signals for the immune system to distinguish between self and non-self |
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Human Leukocyte antigens (HLA) |
-MHC proteins first discovered on leukocytes -HLA typing is used to identify and compare HLA's between donor and recipient in transplants |
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Organ transplants |
-matching MHC proteins between donor and recipient reduces likelihood that donated organ will be rejected |
