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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are 3 broad classes of deleterious immune responses
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1. Hypersensitivity
2. Autoimmune disease 3. MHC-related |
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Purpose of Immune system
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Maintenance of health
Homeostasis |
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General problems with Immune response
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1. Some responses undesirable
2. Allergies can be too overpower the body 3. Organ transplants can be rejected 4. Toxic shock or fatalities can result |
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Defin Hypersensitivity
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Extremely strong antigenic response commonly referred to as allergies
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Allergens
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Antigens
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Cause of anaphyactic reactions
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* Interaction of antigen with IgE assciated with surface of mast cells and basophils
* Activates either to cause production of effectors responsible for various types of anaphylaxis |
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What is an anaphylactic reaction?
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Strong antigenic response resulting in less severe localized reactions or systemic reation (extreme)
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What is degranulation?
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An inflammatory response whereby mast cells or basophils are triggered to release granules containing histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins that lead to increased permeability, dilation of blood vessels, mucus secetion, and smooth muscle contraction. It requires interaction of antigen with at least 2 IgE molecules.
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What is IgE?
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Antibodies found in lung, skin, and mucous membranes.
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What are chemoattractants for lymphocytes and what are some examples?
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Mast cells, basophils, hstamine, leukotrienes, prostaglandins
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What is another name for systemic anaphylaxis?
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Anaphylactic shock
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What are the requirements for anaphylactic shock?
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Requires 2 exposures to antigen inducing response:
1. First and subsequent exposure to dilate blood vessels 2. Substantial drop in blood pressure (shock) |
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Treatment for systemic anaphylactic
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Vasoconstrictors (adrenaline)
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What constitutes localized anaphylaxis?
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Ingestion or inhalation of antigen which depends on delivery route for antigen
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What are upper respiratory anaphylactic symptoms caused by?
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Stimulation of mast cells in mucous membranes.
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