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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the two broad types of immunity in humans?
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Innate immunity
Adaptive immunity |
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What are two types of adaptive immunity?
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Antibodies
Cell0mediated |
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What are different components that allow an innate immune response?
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Pattern recognition receptors (TLRs, RLRs, NLRs0
Viral patterns (dsRNA, viral DNA) Bacterial patterns (methylation, LPS, flagella, etc.) Interferons, cytokines |
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What do type I interferons signify?
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Infection
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What cells produce type I interferons?
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All cells!
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What cells produce type II interferons?
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Immune effectors
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What types of cells will NK cells kill?
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Infected cells coated with antibody via Fc receptors
Cells that don't have any MHC class I |
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What induces a NK response?
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Cytokine signalling
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What are the two types of T-cells
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Helper T cells (CD4)
Cytotoxic T cells (CD8) |
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What is the function of CD4 T cells? What MHC complexes do they recognize?
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Help B cells
MHC Class II |
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What is the function of CD8 T cells? What MHC class do they recognize?
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Kill infected cells
MHC class I |
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What cells are able to present antibens well?
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Dendritic cells
Macrophages B cells |
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What is the first type of antibodies released by B cells?
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IgM
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What are the secondary type of antibodies released by a B cell?
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IgG
IgA |
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What is the function of antibodies?
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Neutralization of pathogen
Complement activation Antibody-depndet cell-mediated cytotoxicity |
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What are some of the innate mechanisms of host defense?
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Physical barriers (skin, mucosa, sweat)
Normal flora Phagocytes: PMNs, Macrophages Complement Acute response Fever |
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What is the definition of fever?
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A regulated physiological response to an infection.
NOT HYPOTHERMIA! |
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What happens to the body's set point in fever? Why?
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The set point is actually raised
Nonoptimal temperature for bacterial growth |
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Should doctors try to actively lower a fever?
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Not normally!
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What is the mechanism for treating a fever?
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Lowering the set point (asprin)
Don't externally cool - it'll make the internal core temperature just rise. |
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What area of the hypothalamus is responsible for the febrile response?
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The preoptic area of the hypothalamus
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What are responses to a change in the set point?
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Shivering
Vasoconstriction of arterioles near the skin |
