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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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immune response Type 1
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anaphylactic or immediate hypersensitivity
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Immediate (anaphylactic) hypersensitivity
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IgE major mediator
Fast reaction-within 15-30 mins. Histamine and other inflammation mediators are released. Antibody dependent aka: allergy. allergen binds to a cell and response occurs. It won't happen first time as memory cells must be created, and it may not happen for 3 or 5 or 10 exposures, but then out of the blue there will be a response. it is NEVER an autoimmune response. |
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Immune response type 2
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Antibody mediated hypersensitivity
aka Cytotoxic |
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Cytotoxic/antibody mediated hypersensitivity
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IgG and IgM mediate
Fast reaction. Complement pathway is activated I.e. Hemolytic disease of newborns, ABO transfusions, Addison's disease, graft rejection. tissue specific hypersensitivity. caused by antibodies binding to tissue, triggering events that cause tissue damage or cell dysfunction. May be Autoimmune or a response to foreign antigens. |
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immune response type 3
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immune complex hypersensitivity
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Immune complex hypersensitivity
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slower to respond.
IgG mediated. Antibody and Antigen complex forms, and deposits in tissue. Complement is activated, and then enzymes and free radicals are released. 3 ways this can happen: low grade infection, repeated environmental exposure, something stuck in the basement membranes and causes inflammation. may be autoimmune or response to foreign antigens. |
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type 4 immune response
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cell mediated hypersensitivity or delayed...
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Delayed or cell-mediated immunity
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slowest of all. Cell mediated, no antibodies involved.
Haptens hook up to protein carriers, and antigen processing cells recognize them as foreign, they display a marker on their surface. T cells destroy and/or macrophage digests. Complement is NOT involved. May be autoimmune or a response to a foreign antigen. e.g. tuberculin test, contact dermatitis, poison ivy. |
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example of Type 1 response
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anaphylaxis.
asthma, rhinitis, atopic eczema, bee sting reaction, ABO allergy. |
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examples of type 2 response
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Cytotoxic
ABO transfusions, hemolytic disease of newborn, addison's disease, graft rejection. |
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examples of type 3 response
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Immune complex
glomerulonephritis, SLE (Lupus), rheumatoid arthritis, vasculitis |
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examples of type 4 response
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delayed.
tuberculin test, contact dermatitis, poison ivy |
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autoimmunity
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immune system recognizes self as foreign.
resembles hypersensitivity reactions 2 & 3. |
