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10 Cards in this Set
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- Back
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McMichael (1996) on colonialism:
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McMichael (1996) on colonialism:
When the whiteman came, we had the land and he had the bible, when he left…. Physical and psychological domination Colonialism of settlement (annihilation – Spain) Colonialism of rule (reorganization – UK) Create export monocultures (tea, sugar, cotton, coffee) through “incentives” Destruction of local industry creates impoverished labor →diasporas |
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McMichael (1996)
Results of colonialism |
Results of colonialism: APWID
Active underdevelopment Political change (bureaucracy) Women’s status, control over resources declines Industrialization increases Diasporas |
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McMichael (1996)
On Decolonization |
On Decolonization:
Seeds of independence: returning soldiers, rhetoric of colonizer (Haiti/Fr.Rev) Racism: Memmi (1957, Tunisia) The Colonizer and the Colonized “colonized American Negro” Fannon (1963, Algeria) The Wretched of the Earth manifesto for liberation, transcend enslavement-new history of 3rd world Development becomes economic on US model agri/industrial LA decolonizes first-rich landed elites, agriculture sponsors (ex. FEDECAFE) |
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McMichael (1996)
The Development project |
The Development project:
65% income & 20% population (1st world) vs. 18%income & 67% population (3rd world) Truman speech – science & industry Critique: Gustavo Esteva (Mexico); underdevelopment is born, homogenization Development is national and economic Critique: regional conflicts in Africa, recent regionalization Measure in GNP Critique: Whether based on Rostow (creating take-off) or Lewis (creating infrastr) Aggregate indexes obscure class differences and quality of life issues |
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McMichael (1996)
Similarities 1st/2nd world development approaches |
Both economic/secular/national
Differences: Free market capitalism vs. central planning from each ability to according to his need |
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McMichael (1996)
Assumptions of development |
Assumptions of development: LLMNS
Living standards can be quantified Monetarization is goal, non is “backward” Need to decrease 1st/3rd world living discrepancies, using 1st world model Linear Shift from agriculture to industry |
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McMichael (1996)
Third world Economic nationalism characteristics (3) |
State planning to overcome inefficiencies
Inherited central administration (from colonizer) Foreign aid – funneled through state (elite) |
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McMichael (1996)
Import Substitution |
From Prebisch (1930s) in Argentina
1951 ECLA b/c US does not import as much as UK, terms of trade grow less favorable with time Refocus on domestic industrialization Contrast: Brazil v. South Korea Brazil focuses on rural development and FDI (inequity continues) Korea Focus on development of national industry for export (less inequity) |
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"Religious" nature of education
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Ramirez (2000)
Escobar (1995) |
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Relativity of definitions, conceptual fallacies (validity)
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Jansen (2005) on education targeting
Rahnema (1991) on poverty |
