Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
relative atomic mass
|
the weighted mean of the masses of the element's naturally occurring isotopes, relative to carbon-12 isotope (12 unites exactly)
|
|
|
relative molecular mass
|
sum of the relative atomic masses of the atoms in te molecular formula
|
|
|
mass number
|
sum of number of protons and number of neutrons in nucleus
|
|
|
atomic number
|
number of protons in nucleus
|
|
|
isotopes
|
atoms of the same element with same number of protons, but different number of neutrons
|
|
|
first ionisation energy
|
the energy required to remove one mole of electrons from one mole of atoms in the gaseous state
|
|
|
electronegativity
|
a relative measure of an atom's ability to attract a bonding part of electrons in a covalent bond
|
|
|
average bond enthalpy
|
amount of energy required to break one mole of bonds in gaseous state averaged across a range of compounds containing that bond under standard conditions
|
|
|
rate of reaction
|
rate of increase in concentration of products/ decrease in concentration of reactants
|
|
|
activation energy
|
min. value of kinetic energy which particles must have before they are able to react
|
|
|
acids
|
BL theory: proton donors
Lewis: electron pair acceptors |
|
|
bases
|
BL: proton acceptors
Lewis: electron pair donors |
|
|
oxidizing agent
|
a substance accepts electrons and causes another reactant to be oxidised
|
|
|
reducing agent
|
a substance supplies electrons to cause another reactant to be reduced
|
|
|
ligand
|
species that uses a lone pair of electrons to form a dative covalent bond with a metal ion
|
|
|
standard state
|
1 atm = 100kPa / 1.01x10^5 Pa
25oC = 298K 1kPa = 1000Pa |
|
|
standard enthalpy of formation
|
enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is made from its elements, in their standard states, at 298K and 1 atm
|
|
|
standard enthalpy of combustion
|
enthalpy change when 1 mole of a compound is burnt in an excess of oxygen under standard conditions
|
|
|
lattice enthalpy
|
enthalpy change that occurs when 1 mole of a solid ionic compound is separated into gaseous ions under standard conditions
|
|
|
electron affinity
|
enthalpy change when 1 mole of gaseous atoms attracts 1 mole of electrons
|
|
|
standard electrode potential
|
the voltage and potential generated when it is connected to the standard hydrogen electrode by an external circuit and a salt bridge, measured under standard conditions
|
|
|
exothermic reaction
|
a reaction results in a transfer of heat energy from the system to the surroundings
|
|
|
endothermic reaction
|
energy transfer from surroundings to the system
|
|
|
standard enthalpy change of reaction
|
the difference between the products and the enthalpy of the reactants under standard conditions
|
|
|
oxidation
|
adding oxygen, losing electrons
|
|
|
reduction
|
losing oxygen, gaining electrons
|
