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78 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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rococo architecture
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anti-baroque
rocks and shell motifs lightness and gaiety frivolous romance and pleasure graceful and harmonious polite and civilized delighting the eye |
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neo-classical architecture
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result of excavation of Herculaneum and Pompeii
followed classical styles (Jefferson's State Capitol, Pantheon in Paris) |
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Balthazar Neumann
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rococo architecture
designed palaces and churches Vierzehnheiligen (fourteen saints) - spacious and elaborate inside |
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*Jefferson (& Monticello)
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House in Monticello, VA
State Capitol in Richmond Virginia, modeled after Roman temple (Classical style) |
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Germain Soufflot
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architecture.
Pantheon in Paris (memorial to dead during French Revolution) |
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Piranesi (architectural drawings)
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Ruins at Paestum (etching)
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Vignon, La Madeleine
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Building in Paris - columns
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Barry and Pugin
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Houses of Parliament, London.
Gothic style symmetry, towers (Big Ben) |
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Nash, Royal Paviliion, Brighton
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Islamic domes, minarets, screens
Exotic splendors of Orient |
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Garnier
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architecture
Opera building in Paris Neo-Baroque |
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Lord Elgin, Parthenon sculptures to England
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Parthenon structures moved to Constantinople
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Jean Antoine Houdon
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Neo-Classical sculptures
Sculpture of George Washington |
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Antonio Canova
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Neo-Classical sculptures
Pauline Bonaparte painting - sitting on couch (like in Pompeii) |
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Rude
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sculpture
La Marseillaise - on l'Arc de Triomphe - group of warriors going to battle, led by winged woman |
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Rococo painting
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see Rococo architecture
elegant picnics, graceful lovers, Venus delicacy, charm, sensuality |
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Neoclassical painting
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ancient Roman civic virtue
ancient dress and armor united opposition to tyranny lofty grandeur (Napoleon) |
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Romantic painting
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Personal feelings, self-analysis, fantastic and exotic, nature, nationalism and political commitment, erotic love and eternal feminine
- escape from urbanization and industrialization |
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*Jean Antoine Watteau
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French rococo painter
fetes galantes (elegant outdoor festivals, courtly fashionable figures) "Pilgrimage to Cythera" - couples leaving island of love |
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Francois Boucher
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French rococo painter
voluptuous beauty (influenced by Rubens) "Cupid a Captive" erotic delights |
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Jean Honore Fragonard
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Boucher's pupil
Last great French rococo painter erotic, landscape, romance "Love Letters" |
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Thomas Gainsburough
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French Revolution - continued rococo art
"Haymaker and Sleeping Girl" painting *landscapes and portraits |
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Giovanni Battista Tiepolo
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Venetian painter
applied rococo to religious subjects decorations for ceilings of churches and palaces "The Immaculate Conception" painting - light colors, chubby cherubs, Virgin Mary |
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*Hogarth (satire, anti-rococo, line of beauty/grace)
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Individual style (aristocratic society)
Line, color, and composition Painted "moral subjects," satirical or aristocratic class "Marriage a la Mode" and "Shortly After the Marriage" Self-portrait with pug, line of beauty (bottom left) |
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*Sir Joshua Reynolds (Discourses, Royal Academy, classical poses - Apollo Belvedere, etc.)
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Neo-Classical statuesque calmness
"Three Ladies" painting First President of Royal Academy 15 Presidential Discourses - theory of artist's education, "grand style," certain schools and artists "Apollo Belvedere" - statue |
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Angelica Kauffmann, R Acad (obstacles for women artists)
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Encyclopedia Britannica
Founder member of Royal Academy Obstacles for real education (besides art and music) Painting - woman drawing from Belvedere Torso, Royal Academy |
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*Jacques-Louis David (politics)
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"Napoleon crossing the Alps" - oil on canvas
"Oath of the Horatii" - mood of revolution "Battle of Romans and Sabines" "Death of Marat" |
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*Francisco Goya
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Etchings "The Sleep of Reason Produces Monsters" - sleeping with head on textbooks
Realistic executions, human cruelty, bloody |
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*Delacroix
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Followed Gericault
Oil painting of Chopin "Massacre at Chios" - Greek war of independence - piled bodies, suffering, intense imagination "Liberty Leading the People" |
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Jean Louis Andre Theodore Gericault
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French painter
"Raft of the Medusa" - sufferings of victims |
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Anne Louis Girodet-Troison
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Following French Revolution
"Entombment of Atala" - Romantic setting acted out by Classical figures - Indian lover, woman, monk |
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*Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
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Neo-Classical paintings
"Jupiter and Thetis" - Thetis mother begging father of gods Portrait of young woman...smooth colors and lines |
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Caspar David Friedrich
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Gothic paintings - Romantic style
"Cloister Graveyard in the Snow" |
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*Constable (quote)
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love of nature, landscapes
"Hay Wain" Quote on nature |
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*Turner (quote)
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paintings - light, color, movement
elements of earth dissolve into one another |
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Daumier
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Realist painter
criticized evils of society in general and government "Legislative Belly" - greed and corruption of politics |
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*Courbet
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Socialist
"The Studio: A real Allegory of the Last Seven Years of my Life" |
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satire (literature)
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wit
Pope Swift |
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*Pope - Rape of the Lock, Iliad tr., Essay on Man (Great Chain)
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Comparison of Rape of Lock and Iliad - we are all gonna die, so what should we do? Die in battle glory
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*Swift - Modest Proposal, Gulliver's Travels
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making fun of landlords - taking advantage of lower class
satirical - upper class |
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*Voltaire - Candide
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El Dorado - paradise on earth
Why does he leave?? Finding genuine happiness...simple accomplishments |
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Hume - Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding
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Miracles - evidence vs. faith
believing in miracles - surprise and wonder leads to belief - miracles can't be proved |
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Gibbon - Decline and Fall
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Nazarines and Ebonites - belief in Christ
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Beaumarchais - Figaro
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Wrote play "Marriage of Figaro"
Turned into an opera by Mozart servants - heroes of the play |
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Rousseau - Confessions
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Confessions - feelings before thought
recognizing existence childhood naivety He thought like a man at age 6 - loved novels and religion |
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*Goethe - Faust
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loved travel - visited Rome "irresistible desire," "calmed for the rest of my life"
Faust - tempted by Mephistopheles, falls in love with Gretchen |
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*Wordsworth
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poetry is "a spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings," imagination, ordinary things presented in an unusual way
"Emotion recollected in tranquility" Ode to a Grecian Urn |
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Coleridge
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English poet
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*Keats
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Poetry
- sensitive and poignant - glory and tragedy of existence - sad love, early death "Ode to a Nightingale" |
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Holderlin - "Hyperion's Song of Fate"
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poet - became schizophrenic
poem discusses human fate...no hope, uncertainty |
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*Byron
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Don Juan, Childe Harald
- long humorous poem, discusses other poets |
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Romantic novels (gothic)
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Emily Bronte, Charlotte Bronte, Victor Hugo
- emphasis on originality, imagination, feelings - nature, primitive emotions, protest against authority - fiction |
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Emily Bronte
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Wuthering Heights - her only novel
- one of most dramatic and passionate fiction novels ever written |
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Charlotte Bronte
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Jane Eyre
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Victor Hugo
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Les Miserables, Hunchback of Notre Dame
- society's injustices - suffering of poor |
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Realism (novels)
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George Eliot, Dickens, Flaubert, Tolstoy
- not as self-centered, everyday events of real life - social and political currents |
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George Eliot
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pen name of Mary Ann Evans
Middlemarch |
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Dickens
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A Tale of Two Cities, Oliver Twist, David Copperfield
- French Revolution - humor and tragedy - quirky characters - against social injustice - poor workhouses, failing in society |
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Flaubert
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Madame Bovary
- contempt for Bourgeouis society - attacks on contemporary values |
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Tolstoy
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War and Peace, Anna Karenina
- Napoleon's invasion of Russia - most important Russian realist fiction |
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Enlightenment
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deism, mechanism
Munk's essay - reason - progress, leading towards perfection - rationalism and science - centralized government - criticized by Swift (Gulliver's Travels) |
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Newton
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Principia Mathematica - math and philosophy and science
3 laws of motion law of gravitation planets contrived by Supreme Being |
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Locke
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Essay Concerning Human Understanding - theory of knowledge, rejects innate principles
materialism tabula rasa - born with blank slate, no inborn conceptions of right and wrong - learn from experience |
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Encyclopedists (Diderot)
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Denis Diderot began 17 volumes
- contemporary science, technology, and thought - classification of knowledge - supported individuality - banned by Louis XV |
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Classical archeology
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Herculanium and Pompeii - wall paintings
Elgin marbles - sculptures from Parthenon in British museum |
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Winckelmann - imitation of Greek art
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"noble simplicity and quiet grandeur"
"Father of Archeology" classical art |
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1776 American Revolution
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Declaration of Independence
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1789 French Revolution
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Declaration of the Rights of Man
Louis XVI (relied on aristocratic class, offended middle and lower class, imprisoned for treason, killed) / Marie Antoinette Marat, Robespierre (led revolutionary change; bloodthirsty for power), Reign of Terror (following Louis XVI death) |
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Napoleon
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1799 as consul
1804-14 as emperor final defeat at Waterloo |
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Edmund Burke
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Reflections on the Revolution in France (and on the sublime - quality of fear)
- individual liberty - king assassinated - queen dealt with it patiently, courageously "Whatever is fitted in any sort to excite the ideas of pain, and danger, that is to say, whatever is in any sort terrible, or is conversant about terrible objects, or operates in a manner analogous to terror, is a source of the sublime; that is, it is productive of the strongest emotion which the mind is capable of feeling." |
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Wollstonecraft
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A Vindication of the Rights of Women - education of women
- compare to Proclamation to the Family - women without freedom can't be virtuous - companions of men, not mistresses |
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Romanticism (general features)
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personal feelings, self-analysis, fantastic and exotic, nature, nationalism and political commitment, erotic love and eternal feminine
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Classical music (general features and dates)
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symmetrical melody, clear rhythm, diatonic harmony
symphony, solo concerto, solo sonata, string quartet opera, mass, solo song. sonata-allegro string orchestra with woodwinds and brass emotional restraint and balance |
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Haydn
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"Father of the symphony"
operas, string quartets, piano sonatas, hundreds of symphonies "London" symphonies |
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*Mozart
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traveled with archbishop to show off talent
- music reflects noble human aspirations - Marriage of Figaro opera |
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symphony (4-pt. sonata form)
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duh. duh duh. duh duh duh duh duh duh! :)
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sonata-allegro form
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exposition - development - recapitulation - coda
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opera (Marriage of Figaro)
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opera seria
opra buffa libretto secco recitative ensemble - scene in which several characters sing simultaneously trousers role (Cherubino) |
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*Beethoven (general features of symphonic style)
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5th Symphony
Eroica scherzo Symphony 3, 5, 6, 9 Piano Sonata No |
