Human Sexuality Nc3

Front 1

Female external genitalia: Mons publis

Back 1

All structures are called the vulva
a pad of adipose tissue located over the symphysis pubis(pubic bone joint)

Front 2

Female external genitalia:
Labia minora

Back 2

posterior to the mons pubis, two folds of connective tissue, interior surface is mucous membrane, exterior surface is skin

Front 3

Female external genitalia:
Labia Majora

Back 3

positioned lateral to the labia minora, fused anteriorly but separated posteriorly, covered by pubic hair. The labia majora protects the external genitalia, the urethra, and the distal vagina

Front 4

Female external genitalia:
Clitoris

Back 4

small rounded organ of erectile tissue at the forward junction of the labia minora, sensitive to touch and temperature

Front 5

Female external genitalia:
skene's glands(g-spot)

Back 5

paraurethral glands located lateral to the urinary meatus, secretions lubricated the external genitalia during coitus(sex/penetration)

Front 6

Female external genitalia:
bartholin's glands

Back 6

located lateral to the vaginal opening on both sides, produce an alkaline lubricant that improves sperm survival in the vagina

Front 7

Female internal genitalia:
ovaries

Back 7

pair of female gonads that produce, mature and discharge ova. Produce estrogen and progesterone and initiate and regulate menstrual cycles

Front 8

Female internal genitalia:
fallopian tubes

Back 8

function is to convey the ova from the ovaries to the uterus, place for fertilization of the ova by sperm

Front 9

Female internal genitalia: uterus

Back 9

hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ located in the lower pelvis, posterior to the bladder and anterior to the rectum. Recieves the ova, providing a place for implantation and nourishment during fetal growth, protection to a growing fetus and expulsion of the fetus at maturity

Front 10

Female internal genitalia:
vagina

Back 10

hollow musculomembranous canal located posterior to the bladder and anterior to the rectum extending from the cervix to the external vulva. An organ of intercourse that conveys sperm to the cervix. During childbirth it expands to serve as the birth canal.

Front 11

Female internal genitalia:
cervix

Back 11

lowest portion of the uterus

Front 12

Phases of menstruation:
proliferation

Back 12

(estrogen, follicular, or postmenstrual) approxiamtely day 5 to day 14. Endometrium increases in thickness about eight fold

Front 13

Phases of menstruation
Secretory

Back 13

(progestational, luteal, premenstrual)dominance of progesterone from the corpus luteum causes the endometrium to become dilated with glycogen and mucin

Front 14

Phases of menstruation:
ischemic

Back 14

without fertilization the corpus luteum regresses and progesterone and estrogen levels drop. The endometrium begins to degenerate (day 24 or 25). Capillaries rupture and the endometrium sloughs off.

Front 15

Phases of menstruation:
menses

Back 15

blood, mucin, endometrial tissue fragments and unfertilized ovum are discharged from the uterus as the menstrual flow

Front 16

Menstruation

Back 16

hypothalmus produces gonadotropin-releasing hormone which causes pituitary gland stimulation. The pituitary releases follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone which causes the ovary to produce estrogen and progesterone. The function of estrogen/progesterone is to prepare the vagina, breast, uterus for pregnancy. Without pregnancy estrogen and progesterone decreases and menses ensues

Front 17

3 phases of menstruation cycle

Back 17

ovarian, luteal and endometrial/uterine

Front 18

Ovarian cycle

Back 18

begins with the follicular phase where estrogen is dominant until the follicle matures. During the ovulatory phase the oocyte ruptures from the ovary and progesterone is dominant.

Front 19

luteal phase

Back 19

the uterus prepares for implantation

Front 20

uterine phase

Back 20

begins with the proliferative phase when the endometrium grows for possible implantation. Followed by the secretory phase progesterone continues to be dominant

Front 21

Male external genitalia:
penis

Back 21

composed of cylindrical masses of erectile tissue: corpus cavernosa and corpus spongiosum. The urethra passes through the layers and serves as the outlet for urinary and reproductive tracts in men. Retractable foreskin(prepuce) is surgically removed during circumcision

Front 22

Male external genitalia:
scrotum

Back 22

pair of skin-covered pouches that contain testes, epididymis and spermatic cord.

Front 23

Male external genitalia:
testes

Back 23

oviod glands composed of leydig's cells and seminiferous tubule. Seminiferous tubules produce permatozoa. Leydig's cells produce testosterone

Front 24

Male internal genitalia:
prostate gland

Back 24

secretes thin alkaline fluid that protects sperm by lowering the pH level

Front 25

Male internal genitalia:
seminal vesicles

Back 25

convuluted pouches that empty into the urethra through the ejaculatory ducts. Provide the viscous portion of semen which provides sperm with increased motility

Front 26

erectile dysfunction

Back 26

can be a side effect of antihypertensives, tranquilizers and antidepressants

Front 27

decreased potency

Back 27

alcohol, cocaine and nicotine

Front 28

sexual function

Back 28

opiates, marijuana, cocaine, sedative and hypnotics, amphetamines and amyl nitrite, LSD, cantharides and yohimbine

Front 29

Male sexual resonse:
excitement phase

Back 29

rapid erection, thickening of scrotal skin, elevation of the scrotal sac response of vasocongestion. Increased HR,increased BP, flushed skin, and increased genetalia blood flow

Front 30

Male sexual resonse:
plateau phase

Back 30

increased length and diameter of penis, testes size, increased by 50%. Cowper's gland produces lubrication at the urethral meatus. Orgasm is the climax of the plateau phase.

Front 31

plateau phase:
ejacualation stage I

Back 31

ejaculation stage I: seminal fluid expulsed from the seminal vesicles into the prostatic urethra

Front 32

plateau phase: ejactulation stage II

Back 32

seminal fluid expulsed from the prostatic urethra to the urethral meatus

Front 33

Male sexual response:
final phase

Back 33

(resolution) immediately after orgasm, rapid loss of vasocongestion and decrease in penis size

Front 34

obligatory refractory period

Back 34

unable to be restimulated to erection

Front 35

female sexual response:
excitement phase

Back 35

vasocongestion caused clitoral enlargement and vaginal lubrication. The vaginal orifice opens. Increases HR, BP and increased blood flow to genitals

Front 36

female sexual response:
plateau phase

Back 36

retraction of the clitoris under the clitoral hood, vagina expands in width and depth, rising of cervix and uterus

Front 37

female sexual response:
orgasmic phase

Back 37

increases HR, RR, BP

Front 38

female sexual response:
resolution phase

Back 38

clitoris returns to normal size and position, vasocongestion dissipates. No obligatory refractory period

Front 39

sexual dysfunction

Back 39

the state in which a person experiences a change in sexual function that is viewed as unsatisfying, unrewarding or inadequate

Front 40

impotence

Back 40

primary- never achieved an erection necessary for intercourse.
secondary- has experienced erections in the past but has subsequent difficulty.
Tx: sildenafil citrate (viagra)

Front 41

Problems with ejaculation

Back 41

subjective response of both partners dependent on levels of satisfaction.
Primary:physiological disturbances
secondary: interpersonal problems, lumbar sympathectomy, antiadrenergic drugs (guanethidine, methyldopa)

Front 42

orgasmic dysfuction

Back 42

common in women
1- lack of information
2. lack of adequate stimulation
3 relationship problems

Front 43

orgasmic dysfuction

Back 43

common in women
1- lack of information
2. lack of adequate stimulation
3 relationship problems

Front 44

orgasmic dysfuction

Back 44

common in women
1- lack of information
2. lack of adequate stimulation
3 relationship problems

Front 45

orgasmic dysfuction

Back 45

common in women
1- lack of information
2. lack of adequate stimulation
3 relationship problems

Front 46

dyspareunia

Back 46

painful intercourse- lack of lubrication, inadequate sexual arousal, drugs, estrogen deficiency and infections

Front 47

vaginismus

Back 47

involuntary contractions, painful penetration

Front 48

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Back 48

progressive adenamatous enlargement common in aging. Urinary outlet obstruction (TURP) transurethral resection of the prostate

Front 49

age-related problems

Back 49

climateric- period between middle to old age which has significant sexual changes. Thinning of vaginal tissues, slower arousal, fewer spontaneous erections, chronic diseases, medicaiton usage, decreased mobility and body image changes

Front 50

(STD) Candida, gardnerella, trichomonas tests

Back 50

detected by wet slide preparation of vaginal secretions

Front 51

tests for chlamydia and gonorrhea

Back 51

cervical culture

Front 52

tests for herpes genitalis and genital warts

Back 52

caused by human papilloma virus can become cancerous and syphilis

Front 53

Contraception:
natural

Back 53

(rhythm, cervical mucus, symto-thermal)require motivation, time, consistent daily records, and abstinence. Does not allow for spontaneous sex

Front 54

Contraception:
hormonal

Back 54

most effective when used properly, uses combinations of estrogen and progestin. Positive and negative health effects, increased sexual permissiveness, no barrier to HIV/AIDS transmission. Mini-pill, postcoital, subcutaneous implant, monthly injectable

Front 55

Contraception:
intrauterine devices

Back 55

improved safety and efficacy with slight risk of infection and ectopic pregnancy

Front 56

Contraception:
barrier methods

Back 56

diaphragms, cervical caps and condoms. Small risk of infection, including toxic shock syndrome

Front 57

coitus interruptus

Back 57

withdrawl

Front 58

surgical sterilization

Back 58

considered permanent, with a slight chance of reversal

Front 59

Self Care Behavior:
testicular self examination

Back 59

perform monthly after a warm bath or shower, roll each testicle identify lumps or nodules

Front 60

Self Care Behavior:
breast self examination

Back 60

monthly about a week after menses with finger pads over entire breast area. Visual examination for dimpling, changes or redness or swelling