Human Sexuality Chapter 2

Front 1

sex information/ advice genre

Back 1

transmits information and norms rather than images about sexuality to a ass audience to entertain and inform in a simplified manner

Front 2

objectivity

Back 2

observation of things as they really exist as opposed to our feelings/ beliefs about them

Front 3

value judgements

Back 3

evaluations based on moral/ ethical standards rather than objective ones

Front 4

opinion

Back 4

unsubstantiated belief/ conclusion about what seems to be true according to our thoughts

Front 5

bias

Back 5

personal learning/ inclination

Front 6

stereotypes

Back 6

simplistic, rigidly held, overgeneralized beliefs about an individual, group or people, etc.

Front 7

schema

Back 7

way we organize knowledge in our thought processes

Front 8

fallacy

Back 8

error in reasoning that affects our understanding of a subject

Front 9

egocentric fallacy

Back 9

mistaken belief that our own personal experience and values are generally held by others

Front 10

ethnocentric fallacy

Back 10

belief our own ethnic group, nation, or culture is superior to others

Front 11

ethnicity

Back 11

ethnic affiliation or identity

Front 12

ethnic groups

Back 12

group of people distinct from other groups because of cultural characteristics that are transmitted from generation to generation

Front 13

informed consent

Back 13

full disclosure to an individual of the purpose, potential risks and benefits of participating in a research project

Front 14

random sample

Back 14

collected in an unbiased way - each member is selected by chance

Front 15

representative sample

Back 15

small group representing larger group - allows inferences to be made about the larger goup

Front 16

biased samples

Back 16

not representative of the larger group

Front 17

clinical research

Back 17

in-depth examination of an individual/ group that comes to a psychiatrist, psychologist, or social worker for assistance with psychological/ medical problems/disorders

Front 18

survey research

Back 18

questionnaires/ interviews to gather information

Front 19

sexual diary

Back 19

personal notes of activity

Front 20

observational research

Back 20

researcher unobtrusively observes and makes systematic notes about people's behavior without trying to manipulate it

Front 21

participant observation

Back 21

researcher participates in behavior they are studying

Front 22

experimental research

Back 22

systematic manipulation of individuals/ the environment to learn the effects of manipulation on behavior

Front 23

independent variable

Back 23

can be manipulated or changed

Front 24

dependent variable

Back 24

affected by changes in the independent variable

Front 25

correlational studies

Back 25

determining the relationship between two or more naturally occurring variables

Front 26

plethysmographs

Back 26

devices attached to genitals to measure physiological response

Front 27

Richard von Krafft-Ebing

Back 27

fetishes, sadists, masochists, and homosexuals

Front 28

Freud

Back 28

unconscious; psychoanalysis; sexuality beginning at birth

Front 29

neuroses

Back 29

psychological disorders characterized by anxiety and tension

Front 30

repression

Back 30

keeps people from becoming aware of hidden memories or notices because they are aroused guilt

Front 31

psychoanalysis

Back 31

ascribes behavior to unconscious desires

Front 32

oral stage

Back 32

until age 1; eroticisim in mouth - sucking

Front 33

anal stage

Back 33

ages 1-3

Front 34

phallic stage

Back 34

ages 3-5; interest in genitals

Front 35

oedipal complex

Back 35

boy desires mother and fears father

Front 36

castration anxiety

Back 36

beliefs father will cut his penis off due to jealousy

Front 37

electra complex

Back 37

girls desire father and fear mother

Front 38

penis envy

Back 38

girls' feeling of depravation

Front 39

latency stage

Back 39

age 6; sexual impulses no longer active

Front 40

genital stage

Back 40

puberty - interested in sexual activities

Front 41

Havelock Ellis

Back 41

sexual values; masturbation; homosexuality

Front 42

Alfred Kinsey

Back 42

sexual orientation; sexual diversity and variation

Front 43

Kinsey Scale

Back 43

represent proportion of an individual's behavior with the same and other sex

Front 44

William Masters and Virginia Johnson

Back 44

treating sexual difficulties

Front 45

feminism

Back 45

men and women work together for equality

Front 46

social construction

Back 46

development of social categories

Front 47

Karl Ulrichs

Back 47

first scientific theory about homosexuality

Front 48

Karl Kertbeny

Back 48

creates terms homo and heterosexuality

Front 49

Magnus Hirschfeld

Back 49

homosexuality result of hormonal development of inborn traits

Front 50

Evelyn Hooker

Back 50

homosexuality is not a psychological disorder

Front 51

control group

Back 51

tests on people seeking treatment vs. those not seeking treatment

Front 52

socioeconomic status

Back 52

ranking in society based on a combination of occupational, educational and income levels

Front 53

cultural equivalency perspective

Back 53

attitudes, values, behaviors of 1 ethnic group are similar to another ethnic group

Front 54

machoism

Back 54

celebrating values of courage, strength, generosity, politeness, and respect for other

Front 55

acculturation

Back 55

adaptation of ethnic group to values, attitudes, and behaviors of the dominant culture

Front 56

familismo

Back 56

commitment to family