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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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International Classification of Functioning & Disability (ICF) |
- Developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) - Precursor to the OTPF - Created to establish a unifying language to share info and plan policy internationally regarding human functioning and disability - Refers to disability as "activity limitation" - Organized into 2 dimensions of body fxn: 1. Body Structure (Anatomy) & Fxn
2. Activities & Participations
- Includes the following sections:
1. Demographic Information 2. Impairments of Body Functions (Graded) 3. Impairments of Body Structures (Graded) 4. Activity Limitations & Participation Restriction (Graded) 5. Environmental Factors (Graded) 6. Brief Health History
- OTPF uses ICF as basis for classification |
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Personal Factors |
- Contextual influences on fxn and activity limitation that are internal to the person - Includes: * Gender * Age * Temperament * Intelligence * Social Background * Education * Past/Current Experiences * Personality |
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Environmental Factors |
- Contextual influences on function that are external to the person - Includes: * Tools In Immediate Environment * Aspects of Physical Environment * Social Pressures |
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Traditional Domains of Human Development |
1. Cognitive (Mental Process)
2. Affective (Emotions)
3. Psychomotor (Physical Movement) |
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Development |
- Changes in performance that are strongly influences by one's maturational processes - Learning to sit-up, crawl, walk, etc... |
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Growth |
- Quantitative changes that occur over time in the human - Weight, height, physical characteristics, etc... |
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Maturation |
- Qualitative changes r/t organizational and process change |
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T or F. Growth is the only factor that underlies human development. |
False. Both growth and maturation underlie human development. |
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Learning |
Acquisition of new behavior that is influenced by interaction with the environment |
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Readiness |
- Some behaviors are not acquired until sufficient growth and maturation has occurred (not how much the child is exposed) - Other behaviors will come no matter the environment
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Level of Fixity |
- Point in which a certain skill will not be lost even if the child ceases to perform it for an extended period of time - E.g. ~ riding a bike |
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Central Nervous System |
Brain & Spine |
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Peripheral Nervous System |
Nerves that connect the CNS to external sites (muscles, glands, skin, etc...) |
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Autonomic Nervous System |
- Controls basic, voluntary body functions (breathing, heart rate, etc...) - Sympathetic (fight or flight) - Parasympathetic (rest & digest/feed & breed) |
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Traditional Model of Development |
- Based on CNS fxn |
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Dynamical Systems Theory of Development |
- Behavior of a person is the result of variable interactions of complex systems |
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Environmental Constraints |
- Prevailing environmental conditions that help shape movement - E.g. ~ walking on a slippery floor
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T or F. Changing a persons environment can change their behavior. |
True. Behavior occurs in an environmental context. Different environments are conducive to different behaviors. |
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Agonist |
Prime muscle mover |
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Antagonist |
Muscles that act against the given motion of an agonist muscle |
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Proprioceptors |
Sensory receptors located in muscles, tendons, joint, and ligaments that provide a person with information about the position and movement of their body in space |
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Domains of Human Function |
- Most current domains of human development:
1. Physical - Ability to react to and act upon the env. using the existing behavioral repertoire - Also, to move through one's environment via locomotion - ADLs, IADLs
2. Psychological - Cognitive & Affective - Ability to complete tasks associated with life roles
3. Social - Encompasses all three domains - motor, cognitive, and affective - in a larger social context - Ability to participate in a social env., filling social roles and expectations |
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Disablement Model |
Categorizes activity limitation in terms of a person's social and cultural environments |
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Medical Model of Disablement |
- Emphasizes the person and their impairments as a cause of disease, trauma, or some other health condition - Disability requires medical care in the form of ind. treatment by professional to "correct" the problem - Professional using the medical model will identify impairments and develop strategies to improve or compensate for the impairments |
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Social Model of Disablement |
- Society is the issue, not the person - Modify env. to accommodate the person's disability - For example, a person with an SCI is disabled because they could not access local stores, public transportation, and theaters |
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Emergent Control |
Person will alter a task in various ways to meet the current conditions |
