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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List some primates
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Human, apes, monkeys
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Are nocturnal or diurnal primates more sociable?
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Diurnal
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Traits of primates
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a) mammals
b) relatively unspecialized in their physical adaptations c) animals with large brains relative to their body size often groom each other's fur long gestation periods for animals of their size |
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What climate do most nonhuman primates live in?
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tropical and subtropical
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Where are lorises found?
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South Asia and south of the Sahara Desert in Africa
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The prosimians of mainland Africa and South Asia have been able to survive in the same environments as monkeys and apes by:
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adapting a nocturnal solitary lifestyle
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Characteristics of a tarsier
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Large rat like eyes
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Anthropoids includes
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old & new world monkeys, apes, humans
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Compare prosimians to monkeys
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Most monkeys are larger and smarter.
Monkeys=diurnal Prosimians=nocturnal |
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Platyrrhine characteristics/examples/dental
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NEW WORLD MONKEYS: marmosets/tamarins=small
Early primates flat noses with somewhat sideways projecting nostrils separated by a wide septum 2133 |
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Catarrhine Characteristics/examples/dental
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OWM, apes, humans, gorillazs, chimpz
Downward facing nostrals 2123 |
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Marmosets and tamarins are?
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NWM .platyrrhines , anthropoids, strepsirhini
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OWM, apes, and humans are?
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Cattarrihine, anthropoids, haplorhini
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Haplorhini
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owm, apes, humans, tarsiers, apes and monk
prosimian tarsiers and the anthropoids. DRY NOSE |
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Strepsirhini
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Lemurs, galagos, lorises
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Prosimians
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lemurs, lorises, galagos, tarsiers
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The smallest and most arboreal apes are the ______________. They are also the best brachiators
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Gibbons
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typical chimp habitat
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Their natural habitats include both forests and bordering grasslands.
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Which of the following primate species are monogamous in mating and regularly live in nuclear family groups?
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gibbons
gibbons use vocalization to defend territory |
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geologic time scale and the characteristics of each
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Paleozoic:542-250 MYA reptiles, amphibians , land plants
Mesozoic: 250-65 mya: Dinasours! , early mammals, Cenozoic:65 mya- present: mammals , modern plants |
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When did the earliest primates arise?
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The first primates evolved 10 million years or more after the dinosaurs became extinct.
50-55 MYA*** |
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geological ephochs order
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Paleocene, Eocene, Oligocene, and Miocene.
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Monkeys evolved from prosimians during what period?
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epoch or at the tail end of the Eocene Epoch which preceded it.
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Apes apparently evolved from monkeys when? e
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early in the Miocene Epoch. apes are common. Among the Miocene apes that were adapting to the savannas were our ancestors.
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Hominids
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Sahelanthropus tchadensis
Orrorin tugenensis Ardipithecus ramidus Australopithecus anamensis Australopithecus afarensis Kenyanthropus platyops Australopithecus africanus Australopithecus garhi Australopithecus sediba Australopithecus aethiopicus Australopithecus robustus Australopithecus boisei Homo habilis Homo georgicus Homo erectus Homo ergaster Homo antecessor Homo heidelbergensis Homo neanderthalensis Homo floresiensis Homo sapiens sapiens |
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How long ago were australopithecines relatively common?
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The fossil record indicates that the australopithecines were relatively common by 3 million years ago in East and South Africa. They apparently were also present in parts of North Central Africa as well.
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Earliest australopithecines evolved from apes when?
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4-5mya
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The robust species of early hominins are commonly assigned to the genus ______________ .
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australopithecines
They are not thought to be our ancestors but, rather, species in an extinct evolutionary sideline. Some researchers place them into a separate genus (Paranthropus). |
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Australopithecus robustus differed from Australopithecus africanus in that ?
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robustus usually had a sagittal crest) as an anchor attachment for exceptionally large, strong jaw muscles.
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1. Ardipithecus : Sahelanthropus+tchadensi
2. Australeopithecus 3. Paranthropous 4. Genus Homo |
1.5-7mya
2. 4.5-2.5 3. 3 -1.5 mya 4. 2 mya- 6 kya |
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Cranial capacities:
1.austra: 2. |
1. 390-545 c.c. The average for modern humans is around 1345 c.c
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Oder these:
anamensis, afarensis, africanus, and boisei. |
anamensis, afarensis, africanus, and boisei.
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Earliest humans first appeared?
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2.4 MYA
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Homo erectus cranial size
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750 to 1250
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The Neandertals lived ________________ years ago
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130,000-28,000
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