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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What primitive reflexes onset at 28 weeks of gestation? |
1.rooting 2.sucking, 3. moro, 4. traction response, 5. crossed extension, 6. flexor withdrawal, 7. plantar grasp |
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When is rooting integrated? |
3 months Position: supine with head inmidline Stimulus: stroke perioral skin atcorner of mouth, moving laterally toward the cheek, upper lip and lower lip, inturn Response: Directed head turningtoward stimulated side |
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When is suck-swallow reflex integrated? |
2-5 months Position: supine with head in midline Stimulus: place finger or nippleinto infant’s mouth Response: rhythmical suckingmovements |
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When is the moro reflex integrated? |
4-6 months Position: supine with head inmidline Stimulus: support infant’s head andshoulders with hands; allow head to drop back 20-30 degrees with respect totrunk, stretching neck muscles Response: abduction of upperextremities with extension of elbows, wrists and fingers, followed bysubsequent adduction of arms at shoulders and flexion at elbows |
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When is the traction response integrated? |
2-5 months position: supine with head in midline stimulus: grasp child's wrists and pul toward sitting position, stretching shoulder adductors and arm flexors Response: flexion of shoulders, elbows, wrist and fingers |
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When is crossed extension integrated? |
1-2 months position:supine with head in midline and LE extended stimulus: hold one leg at knee maintaining extremity in extension, apply firm pressure to sole of foot response: flexion, adduction and the extension of opposite LE |
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When is the flexor withdrawal integrated? |
1-2 months position: supine with head in midline, legs relaxed stimulus: noxious stimulus to sole of one foot response: withdrawal of stimulated leg from stimulus |
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When is plantar grasp integrated? |
9 months position: supine with head in midline, legs relaxed stimulus: firm pressure against plantar surface on infants foot over metatarsal heads response: plantar flexion of all toe |
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When is the onset of galants response? (trunk invurvation) |
32 weeks gestation |
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When is galants response integrated? |
2 months (may persist) position: prone in neutral alignment gently stimulate along a paravertebral line about 3cm from midline and from shoulder to buttocks, one side at a time response: lateral flexion on stimulated side |
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When is the onset of palmar grasp? |
birth to 2 months |
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When is palmar grasp integrated? |
4-6 months with purposeful reach/grasp position: supine with head in midline and hands free stimulus: place index finger of examiner into hand of infant from ulnar side, gently press against palmar surface response: infants fingers will flex around examiners index finger |
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When is the onset of proprioceptive placing in the LE? |
35 weeks gestation |
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When is proprioceptive placing (LE) integrated? |
2 months position: hold infant in vertical position with examiners hands under arms and around chest, support head of young infants stimulus: lift infant so dorsum of one foot presses against edge of table or other protruding surface response: infants foot is lifted by flexion in knee and hip above table, leg then extends and foot is placed squarely on table top |
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When is the onset of proprioceptive placing of the UE ? |
birth |
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When is the integration of proprioceptive placing for UE? |
2 months position: hold infant in vertical position with examiners hands under arms and around chest, support head stimulus: lift infant so dorsum of one hand presses against edge of table or other protruding surface response: extremity flexes and hand is brought above table, it then extends with wrist extended and finders extended and abducted, then placed on surface. fingers may remain fisted in newborn, only wrist and extremity extend |
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When is the onset of neonatal positive support LE? |
35 weeks gestation |
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When is neonatal positive support (LE) integrated? |
1-2 months position: support infant in vertical position with examiners hands under the arms and around chest stimulus: allow feet to make firm contact w/tabletop or other flat surface reponse: stimultaneous contraction of flexors and extensors so as to bear weight on LE (child may only support minimal amount of body weight, characterized by partial flexion of hips and knees) |
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What is onset of spontaneous stepping? |
37 weeks gestation |
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When is spontaneous stepping integrated? |
2 months position: support infant vertical position with hands under arms and around chest stimulus: support child upright, feet touching table surface, incline child forward and gently move child forward to accompany any stepping response: child will make alternating rhythmical and coordinated stepping movements |
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What are the 3 attitudinal reflexes? |
1. Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) 2. Symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR) 3. Tonic labyrinthine reflex (TLR) |
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When is the onset and and integration of ATNR? |
Onset: birth-2months integration: 4-6 months |
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When is the onset and integration of STNR? |
onset: 4-6 months integration: 8-12 months |
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When is the onset and integration of TLR? |
onset: birth integration: 6 months |
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What is the ATNR reflex? |
Position: place child supine withhead in midline; can test or observe in other positions (sitting, quadruped,standing) Stimulus(1) Have child actively turn head byfollowing an object from side to side(2) Passively turn child’s head slowlyto one side and hold in extreme position with jaw over shoulder Response: arm an leg on face sideextend, arm and leg on skull side flex (fencer’s position) |
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What is the STNR reflex? |
Position: place child in ventralposition supported by trunk, over examiner’s knee or place in quadrupedposition Stimulus: examiner passively flexesthen extends the child’s head and neck Response(1) Head and neck flexion producesflexion of the upper extremities, extension of the lower extremities(2) Head and neck extension producesextension of the upper extremities, flexion of the lower extremities |
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What is the TLR reflex? |
Position: prone and supine Stimulus: prone and supinepositioning Response(1) Prone: flexor tone dominates, childhas difficulty extending to lift head, neck or trunk; cannot support weight onarms(2) Supine: extensor tone dominates,child will not flex in pull to sit |
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What are the 3 categories of automatic postural reactions? |
1. protective 2. righting 3. equilibrium |
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What 3 systems are related to postural control? |
1. visual 2. vestibular 3 somatosensory |
