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47 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What 2 organs are included in the external genitalia?
Penis
Scrotum
What are the 3 accessory glands?
Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral gland
Sperm is ejected through the u.........
urethra
What does the scrotum hold?
testes
Sperm develops at body temperature. true or false?
False.
Testes comprise of how many compartments?
250 - 300 compartments
What are the 2 types of cells in the testis?
Leydig cells
Sertoli cells
Where are the leydig cells located?
between the spaces between tubules
What is secreted by the leydig cells?
testosterone and other androgens
Sertoli cells are epithelial cells. True or false?
True
What is the function of sertoli cells?
mature sperm and control development of sperm
Where are mature sperm located?
In the lumen of the tubule
What is the function of smooth muscles in the seminiferous tubules?
To propel sperm and fluid along the tubes through peristaltic contractions
Each sertoli cells are joined to its neighbours by ............
tight junction
The tight junction and the sertoli cells forms the ........
blood testis barrier
What is the function of the blood testis barrier?
To prevent the sperm cells from attacks from the male immune system
Sertoli cells secrete ...... fluid in which sperm develops
luminal
Sertoli cells secrete .........-binding proteins
androgen
Which chemical is secreted by sertoli cells that has a negative feedback on FSH only?
Inhibin
What is the chemical secreted by the sertoli cells which causes development of male reproductive physiology in male embryos?
Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS)
Seminiferous tubules is connected to the ........ testis
Rete testis
Rete testis is connected to the ....... ductubles
Efferent ductubles
What is connected to the efferent ductubles and the Vas deferens?
Epididymis
What joins the Vas deferens to make the ejaculatory duct?
Seminal vesicles
The ejaculatory duct passes the prostate gland and makes the big tubule called
Urethra
What is the last gland the sperm passes through?
bulbourethral gland
What are the 3 accessory glands?
Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral gland
What is the function of seminal vesicles?
To secrete an alkaline fluid with fructose, enzymes and prostaglandins
What is the function of the prostate gland?
To secrete citrate and enzymes (that prevents semen clotting) and prostate specific antigen (PSA)
What is the function of the bulbourethral gland
To secrete viscous fluid with mucus
The hypothalamus secretes what hormone that targets the anterior pituitary?
gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH)
What is secreted from the anterior pituitary?
LH and FSH
FSH targets which cell?
Sertoli cell
LH targets which cell?
Leydig cell
Sertoli secretes what which causes a negative feedback on FSH only
Inhibin
Leydig cells secrete what?
testosterone
Testosterone promotes what in skeletal muscles?
protein synthesis
Testosterone stimulates secretion of what hormone?
growth hormone
What is contained in the head of sperm
Chromosomes and acrosome
What is located in the midpiece of sperm?
Mitochondria
Indifferentiated germ cells are known as?
Spermatogonia
how many meiosis does sperm undergo to mature?
twice
Spermatocytes once undergone meiosis II becomes........
spermatids
How many chromosomes does a spermatocyte contain?
46 chromosome
How many chromosomes does a spermatid contain?
23 chromosomes
Spermatids then differentiates into .......... and then released into the lumen
spermatozoa
Once sperm enters the lumen of the seminiferous tubule how long does the sperm remain immotile before moving to the epididymis?
20 days