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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Components of thorax
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-L/R pleural cavities
-mediastinum -thoracic wall -diaphgram |
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Superior Thoracic aperture boundaries
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-T1 (posterior)
-1st ribs (anterior) -1st costal cartilage/manubrium (anterior) |
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Inferior Thoracic aperture boundaries
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-T12(post)
-11th/12th ribs (laterally) -joint btwn xiphoid/sternum (ant) |
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Contents of the mediastinum
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-thymus
-pericarial sac -heart -trachea -major aa./vv. |
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Structures passing through mediastinum
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-esophagus
-thoracic duct -nerves |
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Subdivisions of mediastinum
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-superior=above plane between sternal angle & T4/5
-inferior=below plane btwn sternal angle & T4/5 -w/in inferior=anterior, middle (~pericardial sac), posterior |
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Fibrous pericardium
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outermost layer of membrane surrounding heart
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Pericardium/layers
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-double-walled sac containing the heart/roots of great vessels
-fibrous pericardium -serous pericardium |
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Layers of serous pericardium
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-parietal: fused to fibrous pericardium
-visceral: part of epicardium-->layer immediately outside proper heart muscle (myocardium) |
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interventricular sulci/vessels running w/it
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-groove separating the ventricles of the heart
-anterior IV a. -great cardiac v. |
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coronary sulcus/vessels running w/it
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-separates atria/ventricles
-R. coronary a. -small cardiac v. |
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Internal features of the R. atrium
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-pectinate musles=ridges in atria wall
-tricuspid valve=separating R atria/ventricle -opening of the coronary sinus - |
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Internal features of R. ventricle
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-chordae tendinae=tendons connecting papillary muscles to valve-->help close tricuspid during ventricular contraction
-papillary muscles=along wall of ventricle -trabeculae carne=muscular columns found of inner surface -pulmonary valve |
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Internal features of L. atria
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-mostly smooth interior, but some pectinate ridges
-valve of foramen ovale -mitral/bicuspid valve |
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Internal features of the L. ventricle
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-chordae tendinae=tendons connecting papillary muscles to valve; assist in closing valve during ventricular contract
-papillary muscles=along walls of ventricle -trabeculae carnae=muscular columns on inner surface -aortic valve |
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conus arteriosus
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-conical pouch from upper & left angle of the R ventricle
-area in which pulmonary trunk arises |
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Basic conduction system of the heart
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-Sino-atrial node
-Atrioventricular node -AV bundle and branches -Purkinje fibers |
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Potential spaces of trunk
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-L pleural cavity
-R pleural cavity -Pericardial cavity |
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Pleural cavity/fxn
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-potential space between visceral and parietal pleura of the lungs
-optimal fxning of lungs during respiration |
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Costodiaphragmatic recess
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-potential space @ posterior tips of lungs
-lungs partially expand into space during deep/forced inspiration |
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Lobes of R & L lungs
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-R: 3 lobes= sup, middle, inferior
-L: 2 lobes= sup, inf |
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Bronchiopulmonary segment
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-area of lung supplied by segmental bronchus & accompanying pulmonary arterial branch
-pulmonary vv. pass between and around BPS -smallest functionally independent region (can be removed w/out affecting adjacent regions) |
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Branching of air conduction system
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trachea--> R/L main bronchi--> lobar bronchi--> segmental bronchi--> BPS/alveoli
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