Human Bio Lab 1

Front 1

Hypothesis

Back 1

Explanation for the questions you asked. Explanation of the experiment

Front 2

Null hypothesis

Back 2

Not supporting the hypothesis. No relationship between independent and dependent variables

Front 3

Alternative hypothesis

Back 3

Supporting hypothesis. There is a relationship between independent and dependent variables.

Front 4

Order the scientific method

Back 4

Front 5

Independent variable

Back 5

What you're changing

Front 6

Dependent variable.

Back 6

Result of the change

Front 7

What does the dependent variable always depend on

Back 7

The independent variable

Front 8

What is this an example of

Back 8

Active transport

Front 9

What is the pump here

Back 9

The red/orange protein

Front 10

What does the pump do

Back 10

Takes 2 potassium ions and brings them into the cell while taking 3 sodium ions and expelling them from the cell

Front 11

How is taking 2 potassium ions and bringing them into the cell while taking 3 sodium ions and expelling them from the cell an active transport?

Back 11

Because it requires energy and it's stock piling. There's already a lot of sodium outside the cell and already a lot of pottasium in the cell

Front 12

Metabolism

Back 12

All the chemical reactions that occur in a cell

Front 13

How many chemical reactions are occurring in our cells and how often?

Back 13

Thousands and thousands, 24/7, always while we're alive

Front 14

Chemical reactions that happen in our body can't happen outside the body without adding a lot more heat. How do they happen in our body at such a low temperature?

Back 14

Enzymes. They lower the activation energy so a particular reaction can occur

Front 15

Enzymes

Back 15

A protein that is capable of speeding up a specific chemical reaction by lowering the required activation energy

Front 16

Carbohydrates are made up of

Back 16

Sugars

Front 17

Nucleic acids are made up of

Back 17

Nucleotides

Front 18

Fats are made up of

Back 18

Lipids

Front 19

Proteins are made up of

Back 19

Amino acids

Front 20

What are the basic categories of biomolecules

Back 20

Sugars, fats, proteins, and nucleic acids

Front 21

What are proteins used for

Back 21

Structural purposes inside of cells and they are enzymes

Front 22

What are enzymes made up of

Back 22

Amino acids

Front 23

How many different amino acids do we have available

Back 23

20

Front 24

What determines the function of the protein and how it folds

Back 24

The type of amino acid and their placement in a long string of amino acids

Front 25

When a protein folds what does that determine

Back 25

What that protein is able to work on

Front 26

Active site

Back 26

Surface of the enzyme where substrate binds and reaction occurs

Front 27

Substrate

Back 27

Starting material. Before a reaction is done you need your starting material, and after the reaction occurs you have your product

Front 28

Objective lense

Back 28

Magnifies with different levels of magnification

Front 29

Ocular

Back 29

To be able to see the image of the cells or what you're looking at. The lens you're looking into

Front 30

Stage

Back 30

Where you put the slide on a microscope

Front 31

Diaphragm

Back 31

Controls the amount of light that comes in

Front 32

Arm

Back 32

Supports everything and that's how you carry it and support it by the base

Front 33

How do you control the stage?

Back 33

Mechanical stage controls can make it go back and forth or left and right

Front 34

Coarse and fine adjustment knobs

Back 34

Coarse - find what you're trying to look at. fine- slightly adjust. both help to bring the stage closer to the lense

Front 35

What microscope is this

Back 35

Compound light

Front 36

Cover labels and name parts

Back 36

Front 37

Substage light

Back 37

Light that comes through so you can see the cells

Front 38

Rheostat

Back 38

Controls amount of light. Adjusts it

Front 39

How do you get total magnification

Back 39

Magnification of Ocular lens times magnification of objective lens

Front 40

Coarse

Back 40

Allows you to move stage quickly closer or away from the lenses

Front 41

Fine

Back 41

Small adjustments to the position of the stage

Front 42

Back 42

Cover up and name parts

Front 43

P- wave

Back 43

Depolarization of atria in response to SA node triggering

Front 44

T-wave

Back 44

Ventricular repolarization

Front 45

QRS Complex

Back 45

Depolarization of ventricles, triggers main pumping contractions

Front 46

1st sound of heart and cause

Back 46

Lub. Closure of atrioventeicular valves following atrial systole

Front 47

2nd sound of heart and cause

Back 47

Dub. Caused by closure of the semilunar valves following ventricle systole

Front 48

Red blood cells appear red because

Back 48

Hemoglobin, respiratory pigment

Front 49

5 types of white blood cells

Back 49

Never let monkeys eat bananas (most to least common)

Neutrophil, Lymphocyte, Monocytes, Eosinophil, Basophil