Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
86 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Mercantilism
|
The government should regulate economic activity so as to promote national power.
|
|
|
Primogeniture
|
Estates must be passed intact to the oldest son.
|
|
|
Hidalgo Spirit
|
Europe, 1400-1800, warlike spirit.
|
|
|
Iberian Peninsula
|
Moores
|
|
|
Cortes
|
Non-military background (lawyer), all of conquistadors had no military background. Sailed to Mexico in 1519.
|
|
|
Columbian Exchange
|
Americas-->Europe, Asia, Africa ---> Americas
|
|
|
Disease--Primary cause?
|
Livestock
|
|
|
France's first explorers--when and who?
|
Jacques Cartier, 1540s
|
|
|
First French colony
|
Quebec, 1608
|
|
|
Pueblo revolt
|
1680, Indians wiped out Spanish
|
|
|
English's first colony
|
Virginia, 1570
|
|
|
Privateers
|
Virginia; 20% to queen, get title "sir."
|
|
|
Term for people who were out of work but healthy in streets of England.
|
Sturdy Beggars.
|
|
|
Powhatan
|
Pocahontas, John Smith
|
|
|
Roanoke
|
1585: First New World English settlement. Not self-sufficient
|
|
|
John Smith
|
"Con artist." Captured Powhatan, got captured back.
|
|
|
Pocahontas
|
Married John Rolfe.
|
|
|
Headright System
|
Give away land for indentured servitude. Implemented by London company.
|
|
|
Tobacco
|
Introduced in 1619
|
|
|
Lord Baltimore
|
Founded Maryland.
|
|
|
King James
|
Allied with Lord Baltimore. Tobacco generated much of wealth.
|
|
|
Shay's Rule #1
|
It's not about land, it's about labor.
|
|
|
Formation of Anglican Church; Protestantism
|
1600s
|
|
|
Puritans
|
1620s-30s: Fed up with England. Settled primarily in Massachusetts, Plymouth colonies.
|
|
|
Great Migration
|
Large number of Puritans moving from England to Massachusetts, Plymouth colonies in the early 1600s.
|
|
|
George Spencer
|
Plead guilty to bestiality charge with a pig in Puritan society, was hung with the pig. Pleading guilty meant that you can pass property to children.
|
|
|
Anne Hutchinson, Roger Williams
|
Dissenters; antinomianism
|
|
|
Salem Witch Trials
|
1692
|
|
|
Puritans and Pequots
|
In 1636, Puritans + 2 other tribes attacked Pequots, slaughtered women and children.
|
|
|
Creoles
|
Africans from mixed parentage
|
|
|
Prior to 1660, _____ was a society with slaves. After 1660, ____ was a slave society.
|
Virginia
|
|
|
South Carolina
|
Formed at around the same time as Pennsylvania. First colony that had a slave code from day 1. Rice. Task labor due to large black-white ratio.
|
|
|
Gang Labor
|
White overseer is responsible for overseeing group of slaves. This was the case in Virginia, MD.
|
|
|
Task Labor
|
Slaves are responsible for x amount of crops at beginning of day. Was the case in South Carolina.
|
|
|
Lord Cornberry
|
"dressed as a woman and exposed self," misrepresented the crown.
|
|
|
Triangular Trade
|
Mercantilism, imperial patriots.
|
|
|
Walking Treaty
|
1700s. Negotiated between Thomas Penn and Indians. Was biggest land-grab to date.
|
|
|
Great Awakening
|
1700s. Evangelists, Rationalists, fundamentalists.
|
|
|
Fundamentalist
|
Translated from texts by minister
|
|
|
Evangelical
|
Spiritual awakening
|
|
|
Rationalist
|
No contradiction between science, Earth, and God. Example: Isaac Newton.
|
|
|
Whitfield
|
Great Awakening. Rebirth.
|
|
|
New Light vs Old Light churches
|
Great Awakening. Old lights sought God through scripture. New lights sought God through the emotion of the Great Awakening.
|
|
|
Samson Occom
|
Check name. Converted Indian during Great Awakening who went to England on preaching tour, raised 11000 pounds (most ever) for philanthropy, headmaster took it and used it to found Dartmouth.
|
|
|
Methodist, Baptist
|
New faiths from Great Awakening. New religious orders, no aristocracy or elite status required. Perfect for common people.
|
|
|
Virginia outlaws gambling
|
1740s
|
|
|
French-Indian War
|
1740s. Global Conflict.
|
|
|
Defeat at Fort Necessity
|
July 4, 1754. Washington forced to sign ensign, confession to murder of French officer
|
|
|
Pontiac's Rebellion
|
1763. Ended when both sides ran out of gunpowder. Britished stationed 10k troops along Proclamation line.
|
|
|
Proclamation of 1763
|
British stationed 10k troops along line
|
|
|
King George III
|
Age 22 in 1739-55. Dealt with huge debt, Tories vs. Whigs, Riots in Parliament.
|
|
|
Tories
|
Wanted to see king's power expanded. Big part, not majority of Parliament.
|
|
|
Whigs
|
Parliament reflects will of England
|
|
|
Origins, 1758-68, the Big Four
|
Proclamation of 1763, Quebec Act of 1764, Stamp Act of 1765, Sugar Act of 1764
|
|
|
Quebec Act of 1764
|
Colonists wanted French territories in Canada and trading with Indians. England denied them this.
|
|
|
Sugar Act
|
To crack down on smuggling. get it from book.
|
|
|
Stamp Act of 1765
|
Main issue: Meant taxation without representation
|
|
|
Eleanor Macintosh
|
Boston dock worker. Claim to fame: elected town mayor on Pope's Day, decided to protest Stamp Act.
|
|
|
Thomas Hutchinson
|
Privately opposed Stamp Act, publicly enforced it. Shipyard workers burned his house down.
|
|
|
England revokes stamp act when?
|
Nov 1766
|
|
|
Declarative Act
|
Passed by English parliament after Stamp Act was revoked. Stated that Parliament could do whatever it wanted in the colonies.
|
|
|
Mestizos
|
Persons of mixed Spanish and Indian origin
|
|
|
Pueblo Revolt
|
August 1680. Led by Indian named Pope, New Mexico's natives destroyed farms and missions, eventually driving Spanish out of New Mexico and undoing a century of colonization in a few weeks.
|
|
|
Jamestown was the capital of?
|
Virginia colony
|
|
|
Massachusetts founded when?
|
1630
|
|
|
Roger Williams banished from Massachusetts when?
|
1636
|
|
|
Half Way covenant
|
To encourage church membership when it was waning in the mid 1600s, Puritans allowed a subordinate form of church membership to grandchildren of those who emigrated originally.
|
|
|
John Smith
|
Original governor of Jamestown. Led with iron rule, which alienated many colonists. His Background was in military.
|
|
|
Roger Williams
|
Dissenter in Massachusetts. Though citizens should be able to practice whatever form of religion he chose.
|
|
|
Anne Hutchinson
|
Spoke of divine revelations, of God speaking to her directly rather than thru ministers or Bible, violating Puritan doctrine.
|
|
|
John Winthrop
|
Governor of Massachusetts colony. Natural vs Moral liberty.
|
|
|
Bacon's Rebellion--when?
|
1676
|
|
|
William Penn granted Pennsylvania when?
|
1681
|
|
|
Salem Witch trials--when?
|
1691-1692
|
|
|
Walking Treaty--when?
|
1737
|
|
|
First settlers in Carolina--when?
|
1670
|
|
|
Anglicanization
|
Rather than thinking of themselves as distinctively American, many colonists became more and more English, a process called "Anglicanization." Wealthy Americans tried to model their lives on British etiquitte, fashion, and behavior.
|
|
|
Great Awakening--when?
|
1730s
|
|
|
Georgia colony founded--when?
|
1733
|
|
|
7 Yrs War--when?
|
1754-63
|
|
|
Pontiac's Rebellion--when?
|
1763
|
|
|
George Whitefield
|
Influential English minister who declared "the whole world his parish" and is credited more than anyone else with sparking the Great Awakening.
|
|
|
What was the Seven Years' War all about?
|
It was a global conflict known in the Colonies as "The French and Indian War". Began with British efforts to dislodge the French from forts in Pennsylvania. Resulted in massive debt for French and British.
|
|
|
Where did Bacon's Rebellion happen?
|
Virginia
|
|
|
Bacon's Rebellion: when?
|
1676
|
|
|
Who was Bacon rebelling against?
|
William Berkley, governor of Virginia who had run a corrupt regime for 30 years in alliance with an inner circle of the colony's wealthiest tobacco planters.
|
